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Chapter 2 Vocabulary
What is Matter
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Chemistry | The scientific study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes that matter undergoes |
Matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space |
Element | A substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means. |
Atom | The smallest unit of one type of element that maintains the properties of that element. |
Compound | A substance made of atoms of two or more different elements that are chemically combined (usually a metal + a nonmetal) |
Molecule | The smallest unit of a substance that keeps all of the physical and chemical properties of that substance (usually made of nonmetals) |
Chemical Formula | A notation using a combination of chemical symbols and numbers to represent a substance. |
Pure Substance | A sample of matter, either a single element or a single compound/molecule, that has definite chemical and physical properties |
Mixture | A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined. |
Physical Property | A property of matter that describes the substance which is observed WITHOUT a chemical change |
Melting Point | The temperature and pressure at which a solid becomes a liquid |
Boiling Point | The temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas |
Density | The ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of a substance |
Chemical Property | A property of matter that describes how the substance reacts with other substances during chemical changes. |
Reactivity | An ability of a substance to combine chemically with another substance |
Flammability | The ability of a substance to react in the presence of oxygen and burn when exposed to a flame |
Physical Change | A change of matter from one form to another without a change in chemical properties |
Chemical Change | A change that occurs when a substance changes composition by forming one or more new substances |
Energy | The capacity to do work |
Thermal Energy | The kinetic energy of a substance's atoms |
Evaporation | The change of a substance from a liquid to a gas |
Sublimation | The process in which a solid changes directly into a gas |
Condensation | The change of a substance from a gas to a liquid |
Deposition | The process in which a gas changes directly into a solid |
Melting | The process of a solid changing into a liquid |
Freezing | The process of a liquid changing into a solid |