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40 Vocab Words
The 40 Vocab Words For Monnats Class
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Heredity | The passing of phenotypic traits from parents to their offspring. |
| Trait | A characteristic or quality that is in someone or something. |
| Purebred | Relating to an animal, all of whose ancestors derive over many generations from a recognized breed. |
| Hybrid | Offspring of two animals or plants of different breeds, varieties, species. |
| Offspring | the product of the reproductive process of an animal. |
| Gene | The unit of heredity; a linear sequence of nucleotides. |
| Alleles | Any of several forms of a gene, usually arising through mutation. |
| Dominant | A pair of alternative alleles that masks the effect of the other when both are present. |
| Recessive | A pair of alternative alleles whose effect is masked by the activity of the second . |
| Phenotype | The appearance of an organism resulting from the interaction of the genotype. |
| Genotype | The genetic makeup of an organism or group of organisms. |
| Homozygous | Having identical pairs of genes for any given pair of hereditary characteristics. |
| Heterozygous | Having dissimilar pairs of genes for any hereditary characteristic. |
| Codominance | Relating to two different alleles that are fully expressed in a heterozygous individual. |
| Meiosis | Process of gamete formation, consisting of chromosome conjugation and two cell divisions. |
| Haploid cells | A cell that is the result of meiosis and has half the number of chromosomes as the original cell. |
| Diploid cells | A cell that is the result of mitosis and has the same number of chromosomes as the original cell. |
| Mutations | Process of gamete formation, consisting of chromosome conjugation and two cell division. |
| Insertion | The manner or place of attachment, as of an organ. |
| Deletion | A type of chromosomal aberration in which a segment of the chromosome is removed or lost. |
| Substitution | To replace (one or more elements or groups in a compound) by other elements or groups. |
| Sex-linked gene | A gene located on a sex chromosome, usually the X-chromosome. |
| Carrier | An individual possessing an unexpressed, recessive trait. |
| Sex chromosome | A chromosome, differing in shape or function from other chromosomes, that determines the sex of an individual. |
| Genetic disorder | A disease or condition caused by an absent or defective gene or by a chromosomal aberration, as in down syndrome. |
| Pedigree | A genealogical table, chart, list, or record, especially of a purebred animal. |
| Selective breeding | The intentional mating of two animals in an attempt to produce offspring with desirable characteristics or for the elimination of a trait |
| Inbreeding | the mating of closely related individuals, as cousins, sire |
| Hybridization | To form a double-stranded nucleic acid of two single strands of DNA or RNA, or one of each, by allowing the base pairs of the separate strands to form complementary bonds. |
| Clone | A cell, cell product, or organism that is genetically identical to the unit or individual from which it was derived. |
| Genetic Engineering | Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the direct manipulation of an organism's genome using biotechnology |
| Gene therapy | Gene therapy is the therapeutic delivery of nucleic acid polymers into a patient's cells as a drug to treat disease. |
| Cross Pollination | the mating of two genetically different plants of the same species. Usually, the term is used in reference to the crossing of two pure breeding (homozygous) plants. |
| DNA | a large organic molecule that stores the genetic code for the synthesis of proteins. DNA is composed of sugars, phosphates and bases arranged in a double helix shaped molecular structure. Segments of DNA in chromosomes correspond to specific genes. |
| Evolution | genetic change in a population of organisms that occurs over time. The term is also frequently used to refer to the appearance of a new species. |
| Gene Pool | all of the genes in all of the individuals in a breeding population. More precisely, it is the collective genotype of a population. |
| Regulator Gene | A gene that can initiate or block the functions of other genes. Regulator genes control the timing of production of a variety of chemicals in humans and other organisms. Shortly after conception, regulator genes work as master switches orchestrating the |
| Genome | the full genetic complement of an individual (or of a species). In humans, it is estimated that each individual possesses approximately 2.9 billion base units in his or her DNA.See Human Genome Project. |
| Ovom | a female sex cell or gamete. |
| Gametophyte | the haploid multicellular stage in the alternation of generations life cycle of plants and algae. |
| Karyotype | A picture of all the chromosomes in a cell |
Created by:
Silvereyes121
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