click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
psychology prologue
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Behaviorism | the view that psychology (1.) should be an objective science (2.) studied behavior without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2) |
humanistic psychology | historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people and the individuals potential for personal growth |
cognitive neuroscience | the interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language) |
psychology | the science of behavior and mental processes |
nature-nurture issues | the longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors. Today's science sees trails and behaviors arising from the interaction of nature and nurture |
natural selection | the principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passes on to succeeding generations |
basic research | pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base |
applied research | scientific study that aims to solve practical problems |
counseling psychology | a branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living (often related to school work or marriage) and in achieving greater well-being |
clinical psychology | a branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders |
psychiatry | a branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who sometimes provide medical(for example, drug) treatments as well as psychology |
positive psychology | the scientific study of human functioning, with the goals of discovering and promoting strengths and virtues that help individuals and communities to thrive |
community psychology | a branch of psychology that studies how people interact with their social environments and how social institutions affect individuals and groups |