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GED Physical Science

Lesson 4 The Nature of Energy

TermDefinition
energy the capacity to do work (anything that can force matter to move, change direction, or change speed has this); comes in many forms and can be converted from one form to another
work is done whenever a force is applied to an object to set it in motion
heat energy can change a solid to a liquid and a liquid to a gas; also involved in most chemical reactions
light energy can create an image by causing the chemicals on a piece of film to react; provides the energy needed for the process of photosynthesis in green plants
electrical energy can turn a motor, plate a set of flatware with a layer of silver, or store data on a hard drive
chemical energy in food provides the energy humans need for life functions; it heats our buildings when we burn oil, gas, coal, or wood; in batteries provides electricity when the batteries are connected in a circuit
nuclear energy it provides the energy to produce electricity or power a submarine from breaking apart the nuclei of atoms
mechanical energy it turns the axles of a car or the blades of a fan
law of conservation of energy it states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only changed in form
potential energy one of two basic types of energy; has this energy based on its position
kinetic energy one of two basic types of energy; has this energy when it moves
joule the standard unit of work or energy in the International System of Units (SI)
power the rate of doing work or consuming energy
watt the standard unit of power in the International System of Units (SI), equivalent to one joule per second (horsepower in the English system)
Created by: jpiittmann
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