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Phychology Test 1
Brain
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Central NS | All of the Neurons in the brain and spinal cord |
| Peripheral NS | OUTSIDE of the brain and spinal cord |
| Somatic NS | SOMA=BODY Everything that you voluntarily control |
| Autonomic NS | AUTO=SELF automatic functions regulate themselves |
| Sympathetic NS | Body arouses (energy) ***FIGHT OR FLIGHT*** |
| Parasympathetic NS | Quiets body emotions |
| Dendrites | receive messages from other neurons (cells) |
| Soma | 2nd part, cell body |
| Axon | 3rd part, fibers that carry information away from the cell body |
| Axon Terminals | branches that house messenger chemicals |
| Neurons | Have single nerve cells |
| Nerves | Large bundles of neurons axons |
| Neurilemma | Thin layer of cells wrapped around axons outside the brain and spinal cord; forms tunnels that damage fibers and they repair themselves |
| What is inside each axon terminal and are in tiny sacks? | Vesicles |
| Each vesicle is a specific chemical called? | Neurotransmitter (NT) |
| Each NT has a specific function and is needed to push through the axon terminal membrane and is released into ______ to find its receptor on the dendrite of the next neuron. If it does, the message can continue. | Synapse (microscopic space between neurons) |
| Myelin | Fatty layer coating some axons |
| What is the functions of myelin? | 1) Insulate the axon 2) protect the axon 3) speed up the neural impulse (message) in some cases up to *200* miles per hour |
| Acetylcholine | Activates muscle to aid movement |
| Enkephalins/Endorphins | related chemicals that help to relieve pain |
| Adrenaline | Provides quick busts of energy |
| Serotonin | Mood chemical (decreased levels result in depression) |
| Dopamine | Normal levels help with happiness and well being |
| Sensory Neuron | nerve cell that carries messages from the senses toward the CNS |
| Motor Neuron | Nerve cell that carries commands from the CNS to muscles and glands |
| Neurogenesis | The production of new brain cells to replace ones that have been lost |
| Computed Tomographic (CT) scan | Computer-enhanced X-ray of the brain or body from a number of different angles |
| Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | Uses a strong magnetic field, not an X-Ray, to produce a 3D image of the boys interior |
| Positron emission tomography (PET) | Computer-generated color image of brain activity, based on glucose consumption in the brain |
| Forebrain | Largest |
| 2 halves of the forebrain | hemisphere each covered by the cortex |
| Cortex is wrinkled up | Corticalization |
| 4 lobes | Frontal Parietal Occipital Temperol |
| Frontal Lobe | sense of smell, movement, and processing thoughts |
| What are the two extra things in the frontal lobe? | Motor Cortex (allows you to move) Brocas area (language- allows us to PRODUCE, only in the left hemisphere) |
| Pariental Lobe | Processes sensory |
| What is the cortex in the parental lobe? | Somatosensory cortex- allows us to understand body sensation |
| Occipital Lobe | Vision |
| Temporal Lobe | Hearing and Language |
| What is the area in the temporal? | Wernicke's area- (left hemisphere only) Allows us to UNDERSTAND meaning of speech |
| Midbrain | 4 structure make up the limbic system |
| Thalamus | "traffic director" for all neural impulses |
| Hypothalamus (underneath the thalamus) | "master gland" controls all of the glands in the body |
| Hippocampus | Consolidates memory into long term |
| amygdala | regulates emotions and process emotional memories |
Created by:
marygardner
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