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CSU PSYCH AMT8
Psychology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| acoustic encoding | input of sounds, words, and music |
| Atkinson-Shiffrin model (A-S) | memory model that states we process information through three systems: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory |
| automatic processing | encoding of informational details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words |
| declarative memory | type of long-term memory of facts and events we personally experience |
| effortful processing | encoding of information that takes effort and attention |
| encoding | input of information into the memory system |
| episodic memory | type of declarative memory that contains information about events we have personally experienced, also known as autobiographical memory |
| explicit memory | memories we consciously try to remember and recall |
| implicit memory | memories that are not part of our consciousness |
| long-term memory (LTM) | continuous storage of information |
| memory | system or process that stores what we learn for future use |
| memory consolidation | active rehearsal to move information from short-term memory into long-term memory |
| procedural memory | type of long-term memory for making skilled actions, such as how to brush your teeth, how to drive a car, and how to swim |
| recall | accessing information without cues |
| recognition | identifying previously learned information after encountering it again, usually in response to a cue |
| rehearsal | conscious repetition of information to be remembered |
| relearning | learning information that was previously learned |
| retrieval | act of getting information out of long-term memory storage and back into conscious awareness |
| self-reference effect | tendency for an individual to have better memory for information that relates to oneself in comparison to material that has less personal relevance |
| semantic encoding | input of words and their meaning |
| semantic memory | type of declarative memory about words, concepts, and language-based knowledge and facts |
| sensory memory | storage of brief sensory events, such as sights, sounds, and tastes |
| short-term memory (STM) | (also, working memory) holds about seven bits of information before it is forgotten or stored, as well as information that has been retrieved and is being used |
| storage | creation of a permanent record of information |
| visual encoding | input of images |
| arousal theory | strong emotions trigger the formation of strong memories and weaker emotional experiences form weaker memories |
| engram | physical trace of memory |
| equipotentiality hypothesis | some parts of the brain can take over for damaged parts in forming and storing memories |
| flashbulb memory | exceptionally clear recollection of an important event |
| absentmindedness | lapses in memory that are caused by breaks in attention or our focus being somewhere else |
| amnesia | loss of long-term memory that occurs as the result of disease, physical trauma, or psychological trauma |
| anterograde amnesia | loss of memory for events that occur after the brain trauma |
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