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Chapter 1
Chapter 1 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Science | Study natural world |
| Observing | Use 1 or more to gather information |
| Inferring | Explaining Observations |
| Predicting | Making forecast based on past |
| Chemistry | Study properties of matter |
| Physics | Matter of energy and how to interact |
| Scientific Inquiry | Different ways to study |
| Hypothesis | Explaining observations |
| Parameter | Factor in experiment |
| Manipulated Variable | Change during experiment |
| Responding Variable | A perimeter in experiment |
| Controlled Experiment | Experiment in time |
| Data | Facts and figures that gather information |
| Communicating | Experiment with others |
| Model | Picture of object or process |
| Scientific Theory | Explaining observtions |
| Scientific Law | Rule of nature |
| Length | The distance from one to another |
| Weight | A measure of the force of gravity on an object |
| Mass | A measure of how much matter is in an object |
| Volume | The amount of space that matter occupies |
| Meniscus | The curved upper surface that matter is an object |
| Estimate | An approximation of a number based on reasonable assumptions |
| Accuracy | How close a measurement is to the true |
| Reproducibility | How close a group of measurements are to each other |
| Significant Figures | Digits that carry meaning |
| Precision | A measure of the exactess of measurement |
| Graph | A picture of information from one data table |
| Horizontal Axis | A line that runs left to right |
| Vertical Axis | A line that runs up and down |
| Origin | The (0,0) point on a line graph |
| Coordinate | A pair of numbers used to determine the position of a point on a graph |
| Data Point | A point on a graph showing the location of a piece of data |
| Line of best fit | A smooth line that reflects the general pattern in a graph |
| Linear Graph | A line graph in which the data points yield |
| Slope | The steepness of a line on a graph |
| Nonlinear Graph | A line graph in which the data points do not fall |
| Figures | Digits that carry measurements |
| Motion | The state in which one objects distance from another is changing |
| Reference Point | An object is in motion if it changes position relative to a reference point |
| Distance | The length of a path between two points |
| Displacement | Length and direction that an object has moved from its starting point |
| Vector | A measurable quantity that consists of both magnitude and direction |
| Speed | The distance an object travels in a certain period of time without regard to direction |
| Average Speed | The overall rate of speed at which an object moves |
| Instantaneous Speed | The speed of an object at any given instant |
| Velocity | Speed in a given direction |
| Slope | Steepness on a line graph |
| Geocentric | In a geocentric system earth is at the center of the revoling planets and stars |
| Heliocentric | In a heliocentric system eath ad the other planets revolve around the sun |
| Ellipse | Ellipse is an oval shape which may be elongated or nearly circular |
| Moon | A natural satellite that revolves around a planet |
| Astronomical Unit | A unit of measurements equal to earths average distance from the sun, about 150 million km |
| Nuclear Fusion | Two atomic nuclei combine forming a larger more massive nucleus and releasing energy |
| core | the central region of the sun where nuclear fusions take place |
| Radiation Zone | A region of very tightly packed gas in the suns interior where energy is transferred mainly in the form of light |
| Convention Zone | is the outer most layer of the suns interior |
| Photosphere | The inner layer of the suns atmosphere |
| Chromosphere | The greek word chroma means "color" |
| Corona | Means "crown" in latin |
| Solar Wind | A stream of electricity charged particles that emanate from the suns corona |
| sun spots | A dark area of gas on the suns surface that is cooler |
| Prominences | Often links difference parts of sunspot regions |
| solar flares | eruptions |
| terrestrial planets | the name often given to the four inner planets |
| Greenhouse effect | The trapping of heat by a planets atmosphere |
| acceleration | The rate at which velocity changes with time |
| work | a word that describes what is done on an object when a force is exerted on an object that causes it to move |
| energy | the ability to do work or cause change |
| kinetic energy | an object depends on both its mass and its speed |
| potential energy | this type of energy has the potential to do work |
| elastic potential energy | an archer pulling back on an arrow changes the shape f the bow |
| mechanical energy | an objects combined kinetic energy and potential |
Created by:
Christopher_Pena
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