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Unit 1
WHAT IS PSYCHOLOGY?
| Word | Answer |
|---|---|
| Hypothesis | statement made to describe or explain a behavior or phenomenon |
| Operational Definitions | Defining a concept in a way that will allow it to be evaluated in a study. |
| Case Study | Detailed study of one person |
| Observational Study | Observes, measures, records behavior without interference |
| Norm | established standards of performance/behavior |
| Reliability | produces the same results each time it is given |
| Validity | test measures what it is designed to measure. |
| Representative Sample | group of subjects that accurately represents larger populations. |
| Volunteer Bias | people who choose to volunteer for a study are different than those who don’t. |
| Correlational Study | To test whether or not phenomena are related to one another |
| Correlation | Measures the strength of a relationship |
| Variables | The item or phenomenon that is measured or manipulated in a study. |
| Positive Correlation | When one variable goes up, so does the other. |
| Negative Correlation | When one variable goes up, the other decreases. |
| Experiment | Controlled Test of a Hypothesis |
| Independent Variable | The variable that is manipulated by the researcher |
| Dependent Variable | Behavior that the researcher tries to predict. |
| Control Group | not exposed to manipulated variable |
| Experimental Group | exposed to Manipulated variable |
| Controlling Bias | Randomly assigning subjects to control or variable groups. |
| Placebo | Give “fake” treatment to Control Group. |
| Single Blind | the subjects are unaware of their group. |
| Double Blind | both experimenter & subjects are unaware of what group they are in. |