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Unit 3

General Psychology

TermDefinition
psychopathology study of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders; also abnormal or maladaptive behaviors
social non-conformity failure to confirm to societal norms or the usual minimum standards for social conduct
maladaptive behavior behavior arising from an underlying psychological or biological dysfunction that makes it difficult to adapt to the environment and meet the demands of day to day life
insanity legally an inability to manage one's affairs or to be aware of the consequences of ones actions- know the difference between right and wrong
mental disorder significant impairment in psychological functioning
psychotic disorder severe psychological disorder characterized by a retreat from reality, by hallucinations and delusions and by social withdrawal
organic mental disorders mental problem caused by brain diseases or injuries.
substance related disorders major disturbance in mood or emotion. may be manic (agitated), euphoric, hyperactive, or depressed
anxiety disorders feelings of fear, apprehension, or anxiety.
somatoform disorders physical symptoms that mimic disease or injury. no physical cause
dissociative disorders temp. amnesia, multi personality, or depersonalization
DSM classification system to identify psych. disorders. 230 disorders in 17 categories.
delusions false belief held against all contrary evidence
hallucinations imaginary sensation
paranoid psychosis delusional disorder centered on delusions of persecution
client centered therapy outgrowth of the humanistic theory
unconditional positive regard therapy unshakable personal acceptance of another person
empathy capacity for taking anothers point of view-feel what another is feeling
existential therapy victor frankl - elemental problems of existence (death, meaning) - free will
gestalt therapy fritz perl - immediate experiences and awareness to help clients rebuild
cognitive therapy changing maladaptive thoughts. effective with depressed patients
rational emotive therapy (REBT) irrational beliefs cause emotional problems
irrational assumption unrealistic belief that leads to emotional upsets and maladaptive behavior
behavior therapy actively change behavior. people have learned to be the way they are
behavior modifications learning principles to change human behavior
aversion therapy suppressing an undesirable response by associating it with aversive (painful) stimuli
systematic desensitization reduction in fear, anxiety, or aversion brought by planned exposure to aversive stimuli
schizophrenia delusions, hallucinations, and apathy. "split" between thought and emotion
major mood disorder lasting extremes of mood or emotion and sometimes accompanied by psychotic symptoms
bipolar emotional disorders involving both depression and mania or hypomania
adjustment disorder emotional disturbance caused by ongoing stressors. ordinary life stresses push people beyond their ability to cope
generalized anxiety chronic state of tension and worries. at least 6 months of unrealistic or excessive anxiety and worry
panic disorder (w/ agoraphobia) chronic state of anxiety and brief moments of sudden panic
specific phobia intense, irrational fear of specifics
social phobias intense, irrational fear of being observed in social situations
OCD extreme preoccupation with certain thoughts and compulsive performance of certain behaviors
obsessions images or thoughts that force their way into awareness against a person's will
compulsions irrational acts that a person feels drawn to repeat
PTSD psychotic disturbance lasting more than one month following stresses that would produce anxiety in anyone
dissociative disorder presence of 2 or more personalities (multi personality)
antisocial personality lacks a conscience, emotionally shallow, impulsive, selfish, manipulative (psycho/sociopath)
psychotherapy any psych. technique used to facilitate positive changes in a person's personality, behavior, or adjustment
psychoanalysis Freudian therapy that emphasizes the use of free association, dream interpretation, resistances, and transference to uncover unconscience conflicts
free association technique of having a client say anything that comes to mind
insight therapy goal to lead clients to deeper understanding of their thoughts, emotions, and behavior
action therapy designed to bring about direct changes in troublesome thoughts, habits, feelings, or behaviors without seeking insight
non-directive therapy clients assume responsibility for solving their own problems
directive therapy therapist provides strong guidance
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