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Resp. system & drugs
Ms. Love- Respiratory system and drugs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| histamine | present in heart, lungs, gastric mucosa and skin. Acts in response to injury dilating arterioles and increased permeability of capillaries and venules |
| histamine released in... | inflammatory response, allergic reactions, hypsersensivity such as anaphylactic shock |
| Dilation of arterioles results in | localized redness |
| increased permeability of capillaries and venules results in | escape of fluid form blood vessels into surrounding tissues causing localized swelling |
| antihistamines | drugs that counteract effects of histamine on body organs and structures |
| general use of antihistamine | relief of allergies, allergic and vasomotor rhinitis, allergic reactions to drugs, mild angioneurotic edema and urticaria, nausea &vomiting, motion sickness, sedation, adjuncts to analgesics |
| antihistmaine common adverse reactions | drowsiness, sedation |
| antihistamine contraindications | known sensitivity, pregnancy, lactating women, lower repiratory tract diseases |
| antihistamine drug interactions | monamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) addictive sedative effect with CNS depressants |
| why no antihistamines for lower respiratory tract diseases? | drying effect on respiratory tract may cause thickening of the respiratory secretions and make expectoration more difficult |
| "anticholinergic effects" in antihistamine | dry mouth, nose and throat thickening of bronchial secretions |
| decongestant | drug that reduces swelling of the nasal passages causingopening of the nsal passages and enhance drainage of sinuses |
| decongestant common uses | temp. relief of nasal congestion d/t common cold, hay fever, sinusitis and respiratory allergies |
| nasal drugs are sympathomimetic meaning | they produce localized vasoconstriction of the small blood vessels of the nasal membranes |
| decongestant contraindications | known hypersensitivity, hypertension, severe coronary artery disease, MAOIs |
| Overuse of nasal decongestant causes | rebound nasal congestion |
| asthma | reversible obstructive disease of lower airway |
| what happens with asthma | increasing airway obstruction caused by bronchospasm and bronchostriction, inflammation and edema of the bronchiole linings and thick mucus production that can clog airways |
| extrinsic asthma | allergic asthma in response to allergen such as pollen, dust, animal dander |
| intrinsic asthma | non allergic asthma caused by recurrent respiratory infections, emotional upset, exercise |
| mixed asthma | caused by both extrinsic and intrinsic |
| bronchodilator | relieves bronchospasm |
| sympathomimetics | drugs that mimic the sympathetic nervous system |
| sympathomimetic adverse reactions | restlessness, anxiety, increase in blood pressure, palpitations, cardiac arrhythmias and insomnia |
| xanthine derivatives | drugs that stimulate the CNS resulting in bronchodilation |
Created by:
gdemuth
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