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egan ch 13

rt zone

QuestionAnswer
what is the state called in which arterial blood is more acidic than normal ?aka increased concentration of hydrogen ions. acidemia
what is the difference called between the normal buffer base and the actual buffer base in a whole blood sample? base excess (BE)
abreviation base excess BE
what is alkalemia? decreased hydrogen ion concentration in the blood; blood pH greater than 7.45
how is BE expressed? mEq/L
what is the normal BE? +2 mEq/L
what is the buffer base? the total blood buffer capable of binding hydrogen ions
what is the normal blood buffer base (NBB) range? 48-52 mEq/L
what is a titrable, nonvolitile acid called? fixed acid
what does a fixed acid represent? the by-product of protein catabolism
what kind of acids are phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid? fixed
what is the Henderson-Hasselbalch (H-H) equation? the specific equation for calculating the pH of the bicarbonate buffer system of the blood
what does pH = 6.1 + log HCO3-/(PaCO2 x 0.03) represent? H-H equation
what is the importance of the H-H equation? it equals the pH of blood plasma, and since all buffer systems in the blood are in equilibrium, the pH of one system equals the pH of the entire plasma solution.
what is hypercapnia? excess amounts of CO2 in the blood (PaCO2)
what is the presence of lower than normal amounts of CO2 in the blood (PaCO2)? hypocapnia
define metabolic acidosis? non-respiratory processes resulting in acidemia
what is called when non-respiratory processes, such as losing fixed acid or gaining HCO3-, result in alkalemia? metabolic alkalosis
define respiratory alkalosis? hyperventilation, resulting in alkalemia
define respiratory acidosis. hypoventilation, the loss of HCO3- or gaining fixed acids resulting in acidemia
the plasma concentration of HCO3- that exists if PCO2 is normal is known as ____ standard bicarbonate
diabetes
ventilation
how do the kidneys compensate for respiratory acidosis
Created by: Jr3
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