click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
RT Procedure Test 1
Radiology Anatomy & Radiographic Positioning Terminology Pt1
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Anterior (ventral) | forward or front part of body or body part |
Distal | farthest from the point of attachment or origin |
Posterior (dorsal) | back of body part |
Proximal | nearer to the point of attachment or origin |
Caudad | parts away from the head of the body; toward the feet |
Cephalad | parts toward the head of the body; away from the feet |
External | outside of the body |
Internal | inside of the body |
Superior | nearer the head or situated above |
Inferior | nearer the feet or situated below |
Parietal | the wall or lining of the body cavity |
Visceral | the covering of the organs |
Central | mid area or main part of an organ |
Palmar | palms of the hand |
Plantar | sole of feet |
Dorsum | anterior, or top of the foot or the back of the hand |
Lateral (direction) | away from the midplane of the body or away from the middle of the body part |
Peripheral | at or near the surface, edge or outside of another body part (think PERImeter) |
Ipsilateral | parts are on the same side of the body |
Contralateral | parts are on the opposite side of the body (think CONTRAdiction) |
Deep | far from the surface |
Superficial | near the skin surface |
Medial | toward the midplane of the body or toward the middle of the body part |
Processes or Projections | extends beyond or projects from the main body of a bone |
Depression | hollow or depressed area |
Fracture | a break in the bone |
Condyle | round process at an articular extremity or end |
Coracoid/ coronoid | beaklike or crownlike process |
Crest | ridgelike process |
Epicondyle | projection above the condyle |
Facet | small, smooth surface articular process |
Hamulus | hook-shaped process |
Head | expanded end of a long bone |
Horn | hornlike process |
Line | linear elevation; not as prominent as a crest |
Malleolus | club-shaped process |
Protuberance | projecting prominence |
Spine | sharp process |
Styloid | long, pointed process |
Trochanter | either of the two large, rounded, and elevated processes of the proximal femur |
Tubercle | small, rounded and elevated process |
Tuberosity | large, rounded and elevated process |
Fissure | cleft or deep groove |
Foramen | hole in a bone for transmission of blood vessels and nerves |
Fossa | pit, fovea or hollow space |
Groove | shallow linear channel |
Meatus | tube-like passageway running within a bone |
Notch | indentation into border of a bone |
Sinus | recess, groove, cavity, or hollow space |
Sulcus | furrow or trench |
Projection (positioning) | the path of the CR as it exits the xray tube, passing through the patient to the IR |
Position | overall posture of the patient or general body position |
View | the body part as seen by the IR; exact opposite projection |
Method | a specific radiologic position developed by an individual |
AP | CR enters the anterior surface and exits the posterior |
PA | CR enters the posterior surface and exits the anterior |
Axial | longitiudnal angle o the CR of 10 degrees or more |
Tangential | CR directed along the outer margin of a curved body surface |
Lateral (positioning) | CR enters one side of the body, passing transversely along the coronal plane |
Oblique | CR enters from a side angle, entrance and exits surface still specific |
Abduction | movement of a part away from the central axis of the body |
Adduction | movement of a part toward from the central axis of the body |
Extension | straightening of a joint |
Flexion | bending of a joint |
Hyperflexion | forced overflexion |
Hypertension | forced or excessive extension |
Eversion | outward turning of the foot at the ankle |
Inversion | inward turning of the foot at the ankle |
Pronation | rotation of forearm so that palms are down (think prone) |
Supination | rotation of forearm so that palms are up (think supine) |
Rotation | turning the body or part around its axis rotation of a limb is either medial or lateral |
Circumduction | circular movement of a limb |
Tilt | tipping or slanting a body part slightly |
Deviation | a turning away from regular or standard course |
Upright | erect or vertical |
Seated | upright, but sitting on a stool |
Recumbent | lying down in any position |
Supine | lying down on back |
Prone | lying face down |
Decubitus | recumbent position with a horizontal CR |
Lordotic | upright position which the patient is leaning back |
Fowler's position | supine with head elevated |
Trendelenburg's position | supine with head lower than feet |
Sim's position | recumbent with patient lying on left anterior side with left leg extended and right knee and thigh partially flexed |
Lithotomy position | supine with knees and hips flexed and thighs abducted and rotated externally, supported by ankle supports |