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Psychology
Unit 1 Exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mental Health? | a state of well-being that each individual is able to rationally think, communicate, learn and grow. |
| Mental Illness? | is a significant behavior or psychological syndrome that is refers to all mental disorder with definable diagnoses. |
| Diathesis-stress model? | it suggests that mental illness is caused by genetic vulnerability and negative environmental stressors. |
| Influences that have an impact on mental health? | Some of the influences are support system, spirituality, family, developmental events, personality, demographic, negative influences(stressors, poverty), culture, health practice, hormonal, biological, inherited factors, and environmental experiences. |
| Mental Health-Mental Illness Continuum? | This continuum discusses the fine line between mentally healthy and mentally ill. it is not until marked distress, suffer from impairment or inability to function that the line to mentally ill has been crossed. |
| Comorbid Condition? | pt who suffers from more than one mental disorder |
| Diagnostic and Statistical Manual? | it is the guideline for diagnosisng mental disorders |
| What is the focus of Psychiatric Nursing? | promoting mental health through the assessment, diagnosis, and tx of human responses to mental health problems and psychiatric disorders. |
| Biopsychosocial? | is an assessment on the pts biological, psychological and social factors that all play a significant role in human functioning. |
| Milieu? | surroundings and physical environment that is seen I=on all psych floors. Nurses responsibility to maintain milieu of sense of security and healing. |
| Resilience? | adapting and helping others through a tragedy |
| Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Goal? | promoting mental health through the assessment, dx and tx of human responses to mental health problems and psychiatric disorders |
| Basic Level of Mental Health Nursing? | A RN who work s in supervised settings to perform multiple roles. |
| Advanced Level of Mental Health Nursing? | RN with MSN/DNP that have specialty privileges |
| Culture? Enculture? | Culture: beliefs, values and practice that guide people in their ways of thinking. Enculture: is the transmission of the cultures to the next generation. |
| Ethics? Bioethics? Ethical Dilemma? | Ethics:study of right or wrong in a society. Bioethics:study of ethical questions that arise in health care, have 5 basic principles which are Beneficence, Autonomy, Justice, Fidelity and Veracity. Dilemma conflict between two or more courses of action |
| Mental Health Laws? Civil Rights? | Mental Health Laws: protecting the public safety legislated at the state and federal level. Civil Rights: mentally ill pts are guaranteed the same rights under federal and state laws as other citizens. |
| Involuntary Admission? Informal Admission? Voluntary Admission? | Involuntary: right to due process in civil commitment, it is least restrictive tx. Informal: voluntary, client is free to stay or leave Voluntary: applies for admission, right to stay or leave but will be reevaluated. |
| Temporary Admission? Involuntary Admission? | Temporary: demented pt cannot make decisions on their own. Involuntary: w/o clients consent, utilized when pt is in need of psych tx, danger to self/others or unable to meet basic needs. |
| Long-Term Involuntary Admission? Involuntary Outpatient Commitment? | Long-Term: are admitted through medical certification judicial review or administrative action. Outpatient: alternative to forced inpatient treatment. |
| Conditional Release? Unconditional Release? Release against Medical Advise? | Conditional: outpatient tx for a period of time to make sure adherence to tx. Unconditional: termination of the relationship. Against Medical Advise: no compelling reason for the person to stay. |
| Right to Treatment? Right to refuse Treatment? Right to Informed Consent? | Tx: constitutional principle that environment must be humane, qualified and sufficient to provide adequate care. Refuse: pts may withhold consents. Informed Consent: right to self determination |
| Restraint? Seclusion? | Restraints: mechanical, physical or chemical. Seclusion: confining a pt alone in a an area that prevents them from leaving. |
| Duty to Warn and Protect Third Parties? | duty to warn a pt's potential victims. |
| Torts? Assault? Battery? False Imprisonment? APNA? | Torts: civil wrongs for which money damages are collected form the wrong doer. Assault: threat. Battery: unconsented touching. False Imprisonment: intent to confine APNA: professional association that is organized to advance psych-nursing. |
| Social Relationship? Therapeutic Relationship? | Social: purpose of friendship with mutual needs being met. Therapeutic: focus on the pt's needs. |
| Relationship Boundaries? | Physical: public locations. Contract: an agreement between nurse and client as to roles. Personal Space: physical/emotional spaces. |
| How is the relationship Blurred? | Transference: the pt transfers feelings or behavior on the nurse. Countertransference: the nurse transfers feelings or behavior on the pt. |
| Phases of the Nurse-pt relationship? | Preorientation: nurses thoughts/feelings before meeting. Orientation: establish rapport(close relationship), and parameters. Working: pt and nurse working to explore cause of problems. Tremination: summarize goals, saying goodbye. |
| Factors that affect communication? | Personal: mood, cultural, language and cognitive. Environmental: privacy, uncomfortable Relationship: Symmetrical(equal) or Complementary(unequal) |
| General Adaptation Syndrome(GAS)? | Alarm/Acute: Fight/Flight response occurs. Resistance/Adaptation: reliving from stress. Exhaustion: attempts to resist stress fails, stress becomes chronic. |
| Distress? Eustress? | Distress: negative, draining that cause anxiety. Eustress: positive, motivates energy. |
| Psychoneuroimmunology? | theory that shows a link between stress and the immune system and disease. |
| Stressor Categories? | Physical: environmental/physical condition. Psychologiccal: life crises occurs. |
| Perception of stress? Social Support with stress? | perception of stress depends on emotional and psychological reaction. Social support can enhance mental and physical health |
| Social Readjustment Scale? | monitor/measure the level of stressful life events over a period of time. |
| Coping Styles? | Health-sustaining habits, life satisfactions, social supports and effective and healthy responses to stress. |
| Relaxation techniques? | result in reduced heart rate, breathing rates, decreased BP, improved 02 to muscles and muscle tension |
| Biofeedback? | provides immediate and exact info regarding muscle activity, brain waves, skin temp, HR, and other bodily functions. |
| Anxiety? Fear? Stress? | Anxiety: most basic emotions of unknown danger. Fear: reaction to known danger. Stress: external pressure that is brought upon an individual that leads to anxiety. |
| Types of Anxiety? | Normal: necessary for survival. Acute: Intermittent loss or change that threatens security. Chronic: Non-curable anxiety a person has lived with for some time. |
| Mild Anxiety? | normal, increase motivation, sharpen senses and enhance learning. They are still able to problem solve. |
| Moderate Anxiety? | details/perception narrowed, grasps less information, selective in attention, will need help problem solving. |
| Mild to Moderate Anxiety Treatment? | #1 is to have a calm presence. They need motivation, yoga, help identifying cause, and outlet for excess energy. |
| Severe Anxiety? | Focus on one particular detail, limited attention span, will have a behavior that they develop to rid the behavior. |
| Panic Anxiety? | most extreme, loose touch of reality, unable to focus, will have hallucinations or feel that they might die. |
| Severe to Panic Anxiety Treatment? | #1 Low Voice, maintain calm manner. #2 Remove from stimuli/seclude, stay with pt, listen. #3 Medicate, the only tx for panic attacks. #4 Restrain. Restraints is the last method of choice. |
| Types of Crises? | 1.Maturatinal Crisis: caused by unresolved problems from the past that affect future Erickson Stages. 2.Situational Crisis: External events like loss of job, death etc. 3.Adventitious Crisis: unplanned national disaster, natural disaster or crime. |
| Immature Defense Mechanisms? | Denial, Projection(unconscious rejection of unacceptable behaviors), Dissociation(separation between feeling and thought) and Splitting(Inability to integrate positive and negative qualities). |
| Intermediate Defense Mechanisms? | Repression, Displacement(taking emotion out on something undeserving), Reaction Formation/Overcompensation(Controlling unwanted behaviors by developing the opposite), Undoing, Rationalization(creating illogical reasons/explanations) |
| Healthy Defense Mechanisms? | Sublimation(unconscious process of substituting constructive and acceptable activity for strong negative impulses, always positive), Humor, Suppression(conscious denial). |
| Panic Attack? | sudden onset of extreme apprehension or fear. #1 S/S is tingling. people may relate it to heart attacks. other S/S are chest pain and hot flashes. |
| Phobia? Specific Phobia? Social Phobia? | Phobia: fear that leads to avoidance. Specific Phobia: fear of a particular thing that leads to avoidance. Social Phobia: fear by exposure to a social function. |
| OCD? | Thoughts/impulses that cannot be dismissed(Obsession) that must be acted on to gain relief(Compulsion). Tx involves reducing the # of times. |
| GAD? | Anxiety or worry about numerous things. the common S/S is sleep disturbance. |
| PTSD? | repeated re-experience of a highly traumatic event. S/S begins 3 months after the event. |
| Antidepressant types? | SSRI(Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) are the 1st line of tx, has rapid ontake less complications. MAOI(Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors)used for treatment resistance conditions, high complications. Venlafaxine: TX anxiety. |
| Anxiolytics? | Bezodiazepines have a quick onset of action. used for short periods, can gain dependence. SE are sedation, ataxia and decrease cognitive function. |
| Beta Blockers? | tx panic diorders and social disorders |
| Anticonvulsants? | tx GAD, Social and Comorbid with Social or Panic or Substance abuse |
| Antihistamines? | safe, non-addictive to lower anxiety levels. tx clients with substance use. |
Created by:
aneshia
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