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Chemistry
Ch. 8 Chemistry
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| acid balanced shampoos | shampoos that are balanced to the pH of hair and skin |
| acids | solutions that have a pH below 7 |
| alkalis | solutions that have a ph above 7 |
| atoms | smallest particles of an element that still retain the properties of that element |
| balancing shampoos | designed for hair and scalp conditions |
| bases | also known as alkalis |
| bluing rinses | temporary colors or shampoo products with a blue base used to offset yellow and gray tones in hair. |
| chemical change | change in the chemical composition of a substance by which new substances are formed |
| chemical properties | characteristics that can only be determined with a chemical reaction |
| chemistry | the science that deals with the composition, structure, and properties of matter |
| clarifying shampoo | shampoos containing an acidic ingredient that cuts through product buildup |
| color-enhancing shampoos | created by combining surfactant bases with basic dyes |
| compounds | two or more different atoms of different elements united chemically with fixed chemical composition, definite proportions, and distinct properties. |
| conditioners | chemical agents used to deposit protein or moisturizers in the hair |
| deep-conditioning treatments | chemical mixtures of concentrated protein and moisturizers |
| dry/powder shampoo | shampoos that cleanse the hair without water |
| element | the simplest form of matter |
| emulsions | mixtures of two or more immiscible substances united with the aid of a binder or emulsifier |
| inorganic chemistry | chemistry dealing with compounds lacking carbon |
| instant conditioners | conditioners that typically remain on the hair from 1-5 minutes and are rinsed out |
| ion | an atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge |
| ionization | the separating of a substance into ions |
| leave-in conditioners | conditioners and thermal protectors that can be left in the hair without rinsing |
| liquid-dry shampoos | liquid shampoos that evaporate quickly and do not require rinsing |
| matter | any substance that occupies space, has physical and chemical properties and exists in solid, liquid or gas form |
| medicated rinses | rinses formulated to control minor dandruff and scalp conditions |
| medicated shampoo | shampoos containing medical agents for control of dandruff and other scalp conditions |
| moisturizing conditioners | contain humectants to absorb and promote the retention of moisture in the air |
| moisturizing/conditioning shampoos | products formulated to add moisture to dry hair |
| molecules | two or more atoms joined chemically |
| organic chemistry | the study of substances containing carbon |
| organic shampoos | formulated from natural organic ingredients |
| oxidation | chemical reaction that combines an element or compound with oxygen to produce an oxide |
| oxides | compounds of any element combined with oxygen |
| pH (potential hydrogen) | relative degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance |
| pH scale | a measure of the hydrogen ions in acidic and alkaline solutions |
| physical change | change in the form of a substance without the formation of a new substance |
| physical mixture | combination of two or more substances united physically |
| physical properties | characteristics of matter that can be determined without a chemical reaction |
| protein conditioners | products designed to slightly increase hair diameter with a coating action and to replace lost proteins in hair |
| pure substance | matter that has a fixed chemical composition, definite proportions, and district properties |
| redox | contraction for reduction-oxidation |
| reduction | the subtraction of oxygen from, or the addition of hydrogen to a substance |
| rinse | an agent used to cleanse or condition the hair and scalp |
| salts | compounds that are formed by reaction of acids and bases |
| scalp conditioners | cream-based products and ointments used to soften and improve the health of the scalp |
| shampoo | removes dirt, oil, perspiration, and skin debris from the hair and scalp |
| surfactant | a substance that acts as a bridge to allow oil and water to mix or emulsify by reducing surface tension |
| suspensions | formulations in which solid particles are distributed throughout a liquid medium |
| synthetic polymer conditioners | formulated to prevent breakage and correct excessive porosity on badly damaged hair |
| tonic | cosmetic solution that helps stimulate the scalp, helps to correct a scalp condition or is used as a grooming aid |
Created by:
BSPittsburgh
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