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antihypertensives
classes and drugs in class
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the classes of drugs used to treat hypertension? | diuretics, aldosterone R antagonists, renin inhibitors, beta blockers, alpha/beta blockers, alpha blockers, central alpha R agonist, angiotensin II blocking agents, ACE inhibitors, minoxidil, calcium channel blockers, bradykinin |
| What are some nonspecific beta blocking agents? | timolol, propranolol, pindolol(partial beta-agonist) |
| what are some beta-1 selective antagonists? | acebutolol, atenolol, metoprolol, betaxolol, celiprolol, bisoprolol, esmolol |
| what are some alpha/beta blockers? | labetolol(normodyne, trandate), carvedilol(coreg)(partial beta-2 agonist) -> both are nonselective beta, selective alpha blockers |
| what are some alpha-1 antagonists? | doxazosin(cardura), tamulosin(flomax), alfuzosin(uroxatral), prazosin(minipress), phentolamine(regitine)(nonselective alpha) |
| what is the MOA of minoxidil(loniten)? | metabolized in the liver to minoxidil N-O sulfate which acts on ATP-modulated K channel of smooth muscle(opens K channels allowing efflux of K -> hyperpolarization & relaxation of vascular smooth muscle) |
| ADRs of minoxidil | fluid retention, hair growth(hypertrichosis) |
| what is the MOA of calcium channel antagonists? | inhibits heart muscle contraction, inhibit systemic vascular contraction, inhibit coronary vascular contraction |
| name some calcium channel blockers | diphenylalkylamines:verapamil(calan, isoptin, covera-hs, verelan); benzothiazepines:diltiazem(cardizem, dilacor, tiazac); dihydropyridines: amlodipine, felodipine, isradipine, nicardipine, nifedipine, nimodipine, nisoldipine |
| what are the 3 groups of ACE inhibitors? | sulf-hydryl-containing(captopril), dicarbocyl-containing(moexipril,enalapril,lisinopril,benazepril,quinapril,trandolapril,ramipril,perindopril); phosphorous-containing(fosinopril) |
| what are some angiotensin II blocking agents? | candesartan,eprosartan,irbesartan,losartan,olmesartan,telmisartan,valsartan |
| what is the MOA of renin inhibitor (aliskiren)? | blocks rate-limiting step of RAS system(conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I); binds strongly to renin & prevents formation of angiotensin I and II |
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rustie32384
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