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Unit 11
Psychological Disorders
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| DSM-IV-TR | The current diagnostic and statistical manual of the American Psychiatric Association that classifies, defines, and describes mental disorders. |
| Insanity | The legal (not clinical) designation for the state of an individual judged to be legally irresponsible or incompetent. |
| Anxiety disorders | Mental disorders marked by physiological arousal, feelings of tension, and intense apprehension without apparent reason. |
| Panic disorders | An anxiety disorder in which sufferers experience unexpected, severe panic attacks that begin with a feeling of intense apprehension, fear, or terror. |
| Phobia | A persistent, irrational fear of a specific object, activity or situation that is excessive and unreasonable, given the reality of the threat. |
| Social Phobia | A persistent, irrational fear that arises in anticipation of a public situation in which others can observe an individual. |
| Obsessive-Compulsive disorder | A mental disorder characterized by obsessions-recurrent thoughts, images, or impulses that recur or persist despite efforts to suppress them-and compulsions-repetitive, purposeful acts performed according to certain rules or in a ritualized manner. |
| Posttraumatic stress disorder | Anxiety disorders characterized by the persistent re-experience of traumatic events through distressing recollections, dreams, hallucinations, or dissociate flashbacks. |
| Major mood disorder | A mood disorder characterized by intense feelings of depression over an extended time, without the manic high phase of bipolar depression. |
| Bipolar disorder | A mood disorder characterized by alternating periods of depression and mania. |
| Manic episode | A component of bipolar disorder characterized by periods of extreme elation, unbounded euphoria without sufficient reason, and grandiose thoughts or feelings about personal abilities. |
| Learned helplessness | A general pattern of not responding in the presence of noxious stimuli that often follows after an organism has encountered non-contingent, inescapably aversive stimuli. |
| Dissociative disorder | A personality disorder marked by a disturbance in the integration of identity, memory, or consciousness. |
| Dissociative identity disorder | A dissociative mental disorder in which two or more distinct personalities exist within the same individual; formerly known as multiple personality disorder. |
| Schizophrenic disorder | A severe form of psychopathology characterized by the breakdown of integrated personality functioning, withdrawal from reality. emotional distortions, and disturbed thought processes. |
| Hallucination | False perceptions that occur in the absence of objective stimulation. |
| Delusions | False or irrational beliefs maintained, despite clear evidence to the contrary. |
| Diathesis-stress disorder | A hypothesis about the cause of certain disorders, such as schizophrenia, that suggest that genetic factors predispose an individual to a certain disorder but that environmental stress factors must impinge in order for potential risk to manifest itself. |
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Mr.Knock
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