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Biliary System
Anatomy and Exams
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Bag or sac | cysto |
| Bile ducts | cholangio |
| biliary stenosis | narrowing of bile ducts |
| cholecystitis | acut or chronic inflammation of the gallbladder |
| Cholelithiasis | presence of gallstones |
| Cholangiogram | radiographic exam of the biliary ducts |
| Choledocholithiasis | calculus in the common bile duct |
| Radiographic examination of the gallbladder | cholecystogram |
| PTC | percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography; direct puncture of biliary ducts |
| Choledochus | common bile duct |
| T-tube cholangiography | conrast administered via catheter tube left after cholecystectomy |
| OCG | oral cystography; gallbladder demonstrated after administration of oral contrast |
| Contrast introduced into hepatopancreatic ampulla via cannula inserted through endoscope. | ERCP -endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
| Why is it important not to introduce air bubbles with the contrast media? | They can be mistaken as radiolucent stones |
| Bile is produced by the _____. | liver |
| Bile draines from the liver via the _____. | Right and left hepatic ducts |
| The common hepatic duct and the cystic duct form the ________. | common bile duct |
| Where is the gallbladder located? | In an imression on the undersurface of the liver. |
| List three indications for biliary tract examinations. | jaundice, stones, stenosis |
| What is the most common radiographic diagnostic procedure used to study the gallbladder? | oral cholesytogram |
| The common bile duct and the pancreatic duct join and enter which portion of the small bowel? | descending duodenum |
| What is the most common pathological reason for performing an oral cholecystogram? | cholelithiasis |
| A patient that has had their gallbladder removed is known as _____. | cholecystectomized patient |
| These two projections would demonstrate stratification of stones? | right lateral decubitus and upright projection |
| The pancreatic and common bile duct terminate at the ____. | ampulla of vater |
| Which duct connects the gallbladder to the common hepatic duct? | cystic duct |
| Through what must the endoscopist pass the cannula from the duodenum into the common bile duct? | hepaopancreatic sphincter |
| What substance activates the muscular contraction of the gallbladder? | cholecystokinin |
| Cholecystogram | radiographic study of the gallbladder |
| Radographic exam of the gallbladder and biliary ducts. | cholecystangiography |
| What is the largest gland in the body? | liver |
| What divides the liver into two major lobes? | falciform ligament |
| What are the two minor lobes of the liver? | caudate and quadrate lobes |
| What are the two blood supplies to the liver? | hepatic artery and portal vein |
| What is the primary function of the liver? | production of bile |
| What is the flow of bile through the gallbladder to the descending duodenum? | Right and left hepatic ducts from liver joint to form the common hepatic duct ->joins the cystic duct to form the common bile duct ->joins the pancreatic duct -> into the descending duodenum via ampulla of vater which is controlled by sphincter of oddi |
| What is the function of the gallbladder? | stores bile and emulsifies fat |
| This procedure examines the concentration and emptying power of te gallbladder. | Oral cholecystography |
| What radiographic position will differentiate between the kidney and gallstones in an oral cholecystography? | right lateral |
| Procedure done with a special chiba needle, right side of patient is draped and patient is supine, water soluble iodinated contrast is injected directly under fluoro ito ducts. | Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) |
| Postoperative (T Tube) cholangiography | performed via a t shaped tube left in the common hepatic and common bile ducts for postoperative drainage |
Created by:
sr4095
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