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Psych Ch.10 vocab

Psychology voabulary, chapter 10

QuestionAnswer
the mental activities asssociated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating cognition
a mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people concept
a mental image or best example of a category. Matching new items to the prototype provides a quick and easy method for including items in a category. prototype
a methodical, logical rule or procedure that guaruntees solving a particular problem. Contrasts with the usually speedier - but also more error prone - use of heuristics algorithm
a simple thinking strartegy that often allows us to make judgements and solve problems efficiently; usually speedier but also more error heuristic
a sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem; it contrasts with strategy-based solutions. insight
a tendency to search for information hat comnfirms one's preconceptions confirmation bias
the inability to see a problem from a new perspective; an impediment to problem solving fixation
a tendency to approach a prolem in a particular way, especially a way hat has been successful in the past but may or may not be helpful in solving a new problem mental set
the tendancy to think of things only in terms of their usual functions; an imerdinent to solving problems functional fixedness
judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match, particular prototypes; may lead one to ignore other relevant information representative heuristic
estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory availability heurisitc
Created by: j gibbs
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