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Ch. 3 science vocab

TermDefinition
nucleus the very small center core of an atom
proton particles that have a positive electric charge
neutron particles that have no charge
electron particles that move rapidly around the nucleus and have a negative charge
atomic number the number of protons in an atom's nucleus
isotope atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
mass number the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom
model what scientists create to explain ideas of the natural world
atomic mass the average mass of all the isotopes of an element
periodic table a chart of the elements showing the repeating pattern of their properties
chemical symbol The one or two-letter representation of an element of the periodic table
period a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table
group a vertical row of elements in the periodic table
metal a class of elements characterized by physical properties that include shininess, malleability, ductility,
malleable material that can be pounded into shapes
ductile a material that can be pulled into a long wire
conductivity the ability to transfer heat or electricity into another object
reactivity the speed in which an element reacts with other elements and compounds
corrosion the gradual wearing away of a metal element due to a chemical reaction
alkali metal the elements in group1 of the periodic table
alkaline earth metal the elements in group2 of the periodic table
transition metal the elements in groups 3-12 of the periodic table
alloy a mixture of two or more elements, one of which is a metal
particle accelerator a machine that moves atomic nuclei at higher and higher speeds until they crash into one another, sometimes forming heavier elements
nonmetal an element that lacks most of the properties of metals
diatomic molecule a molecule consisting of two atoms
halogen the elements in group 17 of the periodic table
noble gas the elements in group 18
metalloid elements that have some of the qualities of both metals and nonmetals
Created by: othomas
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