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Nason Ch. 7
States of Consciousness Vocab
| Vocab Word | Definition |
|---|---|
| Biological Rhythms | periodic psychological fluctuations |
| Circadian Rhythm | the biological clock; regular bodily rhythms that occur on a 24-hour cycle |
| REM Sleep | rapid eye movement sleep, a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Also known as paradoxical sleep |
| Alpha Waves | the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state |
| Sleep | periodic, natural, reversable loss of consciousness- as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation |
| Hallucinations | false, sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus |
| Delta Waves | the large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep |
| Insomnia | recurring problems in falling or staying asleep |
| Narcolepsy | a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer lapses into REM sleep at inappropriate times |
| Sleep Apnea | a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings |
| Night Terrors | a sleep disorder characterized by high arrousal and an appearance of being terrified |
| Dream | a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person's mind; notable for their hallucinatory imagery, dicontinuities, incongruities, and for the dreamer's dellusional acceptance of the content and difficulties remembering it |
| Manifest Control | according to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream |
| Latent Control | according to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream |
| REM Rebound | the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation |
| Hypnosis | a social interaction in which one person suggests to another taht certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur |
| Post-Hypnotic Suggestion | a suggestion made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized |
| Dissociation | a split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others |
| Tolerance | the diminishing effect with regular use of same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses |
| Withdrawl | teh discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug |
| Physical Dependance | a physiological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawl symptoms when the drug is discontinued |
| Psychological Dependance | a psychological need to use a drug, such as to relieve negative emotions |
| Addiction | compulsive drug craving and use |
| Depressants | drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions |
| Barbiturates | drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system |
| Opiates | opium and it derivatives; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety |
| Stimulants | drugs that excite neural activity and speed up body functions |
| Amphetamines | drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes |
| Methamphetamine | powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels |
| Ecstasy (MDMA) | a synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen that produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short term harm to seratonin-producing neurons and to mood and cognition |
| Hallucinogens | psychedelic drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absense of sensory input |
| LSD | powerful hallucinogenic drug (aka acid) |
| THC | major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations |
| Near-Death Experience | an altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death; ofter similar to drug-induced hallucinations |
| Dualism | the presumption that mind and body are two distict entities that interact |
| Monism | the presumption taht mind and body are different aspects of the same thing |
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