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Physical Science
Final Exam vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Weight | measure of the pull of gravity on an object |
| Gravity | a force of attraction between two objects |
| Extrapolate | extend |
| Scalar quantity | has magnitude but no direction |
| Elastic collision | does go back to original shape, does bounce back |
| Directly proportional | on a graph line where x and y data increases at equal rates |
| Average speed | total distance divided by the total time passed |
| Slope | indicates the steepness of a line |
| Independent variable | variable controlled by the scientist |
| Period | time in seconds it takes to complete 1 cycle. |
| Density | amount of mass in a given volume |
| Dependent variable | variable affected by the independent variable; what you measure |
| Friction | a force that opposes the motion of one surface past another |
| Pendulum | a system that consists of a free swinging arm attached to the pivot at one end and the bob weight at the other |
| Effective length | the length of the pendulum measured from pivot point to center of bob weight |
| Acceleration formula | formula for acceleration where an initial velocity and the final velocity are given |
| Force vector | uses the arrow to show direction and magnitude of a force |
| Air resistance | the force that opposes the motion of objects in the atmosphere |
| Vector quantity | has both magnitude and direction |
| Frequency | number of cycles a pendulum makes in one minute |
| Momentum | the mass time the velocity of an object |
| Speed | distance traveled per unit of time |
| Motion | a change in position relative to fixed objects |
| Cycle | one swing back and forth |
| Inertia | the tendency of any object to oppose a change in motion |
| Inelastic collision | does not go back to its original shape' does not bounce back |
| Pivot point | part of a pendulum that is attached |
| Bob weight | weight used at the free end of the pendulum |
| Velocity | speed in a particular direction |
| Distance time graph | shows the relationship between distance and time |
| Inversely proportional | on a graph line where x data increases, the y data decreases at a steady rate |
| Distance | length between any two points in the path of an object |
| Swing | half a cycle |
| Data table | place to store data |
| Magnitude | size of something |
| Newton | amount of force needed to give 1 kg mass an acceleration of 1 m/s/s |
| Ordered pairs | data recorded in the data table then plotted on a graph |
| Scale | identifies the increments between points on a graph |
| Force | a push or pull |
| Acceleration | change in velocity per unit of time |
| Center of mass | balancing point of an object |
| Origin | (0,0) |
| Volume | amount of space an object occupies |
| Terminal veloicity | constant speed a falling reaches when air resistance balances gravity |
| Amplitude | amount of swing |
| Variable | something that can change or vary in an experiment |
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pay10201997
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