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Chapter 15
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Psychiatrists | are physicians who specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders |
| Insight therapies | involve verbal interactions intended to enhance clients’ self-knowledge and thus promote healthful changes in personality and behaviour |
| Psychoanalysis | an insight therapy that emphasizes the recovery of unconscious conflicts, motives and defense through techniques such as free association |
| Interpretation | refers to the therapist’s attempts to explain the inner simportance of the client’s thoughts, feelings, memories and behaviours |
| Resistance | refers to largely unconscious defensive plans intended to delay the progress of therapy |
| Transference | occurs when clients unconsciously start relating to their therapist in ways that mimic critical relationships in their lives |
| Client-Centred therapy | an insight therapy that emphasizes providing a supportive emotional climate for clients, who pay a major role in determining the speed and direction of their therapy |
| Group therapy | simultaneous (done at the same time) treatment of several clients in a group |
| Couples or martial therapy | involves the treatment of both partners in a committed, inimate relationship, in which the main focus is on relationship issues |
| Family therapy | involves the treatment of a family unit as a whole, in which the main focus is on family dynamics (active) and communication |
| Spontaneous remission | is a recovery from a disorder that occurs without formal treatment |
| Behaviour therapies | involve the application of learning principles to direct efforts to change clients maladaptive behaviours |
| Systematic desensitization | a behaviour therapy used to reduce phobic clients anxiety responses through counter-conditioning |
| Exposure therapies | clients are confronted with situations that they fear so that they learn that these situations are really harmless |
| Aversion therapy | a behaviour therapy in which an aversive stimulus is paired with a stimulus that draws out an undesirable response |
| Social skills training | is a behaviour therapy designed to improve interpersonal skills that emphasizes modelling, behavioural rehearsal and shaping |
| Cognitive-behavioural treatments | used varied combinations of verbal interventions and behaviour modification techniques to help clients change maladaptive patterns of thinking |
| Cognitive therapy | uses specific strategies to correct habitual thinking errors that underlie various types of disorders |
| Biomedical therapies | are physiological interventions intended to reduce symptoms associated with psychological disorders |
| Psychopharmacotherapy | the treatment of mental disorders with medication |
| Antianxiety drugs | relieve tension, anxiety and nervousness |
| Antipsychotic drugs | are used to gradually reduce psychotic symptoms, including hyperactivity, mental confusion, hallucinations and delusions |
| Tardive dyskinesia | is a neurological disorder marked by involuntary squriming movement of the body and tic-like movements of the mouth, tongue, face, hands or feet |
| Antidepressant drugs | gradually elevate mood and help bring people out of depression |
| Mood Stabilizers | drugs used to control mood swings in patients with bipolar mood disorders |
| Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) | is a biomedical treatment in which electric shock is used to produce a cortical seizure accompanied by convulsions (body muscles contract and relax rapidly and repeatedly, resulting in uncontrollable shaking of the body) |
| Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) | a new technique that permits scientists to temporarily enhance or depress activity in a specific area of the brain |
| Deep brain stimulation (DBS) | a thin electrode is surgically implanted in the brain and connected to an implanted pulse generator so that various electrical currents can be delivered to brain tissue next to the electrode |
| Eclecticism | the practice of therapy involves drawing ideas from 2 or more systems of therapy instead of committing to just one system |
| Mental hospital | a medical institution specializing in providing impatient care for psychological disorders |
| Deinstitutionalization | transferring the treatment of mental illness from impatient institutions to community based facilities that emphasize outpatient care |
Created by:
eric25
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