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T & I.D.
Testing and Individual Differences
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Intelligence | the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations |
| Sternber'g Intelligence Theory | a theory that describes three distinct types of intelligence that a person can possess: practical intelligence, creative intelligence, and analytical intelligence |
| Reliability | the measurement consistency of a test (or of other kinds of measurement techniques) |
| Heritability | the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes |
| Gardner's Intelligence Theory | a theory that has identified 7 distinct intelligences: visual-spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, linguistic, and logic-mathematical |
| Test-Retest Reliability | a measure of reliability obtained from giving the same test twice over a period of time to a group of individuals |
| Stanford-Binet IQ Test | an intelligence test that measures fluid reasoning, quantitative reasoning, knowledge, visual-spatial processing, and working memory, each measured in verbal and nonverbal domains |
| Achievement Tests | a test designed to assess what a person has learned |
| Validity | the ability of a test to measure what it was designed to measure |
| Weschler Intelligence Scales | an intelligence scale which included many items that required nonverbal reasoning and which was based on the normal distribution; three separate scores are given: verbal IQ, performance (nonverbal) IQ, and full-scale (total) IQ |
| Standardized Tests | an intelligence test that requires that all test-takers answer the same questions and that the tests will be scored in a "standard" or consistent manner |
| Flynn Effect | the substantial and long-sustained increase in both fluid and crystallized intelligence test scores measured in many parts of the world since 1930 |
| Spearman's Intelligence Theory | a theory that described the g factor, or general intelligence; a theory that stated that intelligence is general cognitive ability that could be measured and numerically expressed |
| Aptitude Tests | a test designed to predict a person's future performance |
| Normal Distribution | a symmetric, bell-shaped curve that represents the pattern in which |
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shash_ravi
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