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Cardio & Pulm disea
RESP171
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why will a penetrating chest would kill a buffalo quicker than it will kill a human being? | a buffalo has a single plural lining so both lungs will collapse |
| Mixing of venous blood with arterial blood (a right to left shunt ) occurs normally because of | Thebesian venous drainage |
| Which of the following mechanisms facilitate venous return to the heart? | -skeletal muscle pumping-cardiac suction-sympathetic venous tone |
| the myocardium is the loose membranous sac that encloses the heart? T or F | False muscular tissue of the heart |
| Parietal Pericardium | Loose membranous sac that enclose the heart |
| The semilunar (pulmonary and aortic) valves separate the ventricles from their arterial outflow tracts. T or F | True |
| Normal anatomic shunts account for approximately 2-3% of the total cardiac output. T or F | True |
| Secondary Spontaneous Pneumothorax is one that occurs in a patient with underlying lung disease and results in a mortality of 43% in 5 years. T or F | True |
| BOOP is an insterstitial lung disease with the name of bronchiolitis obilterans with organizing pneumonia which can result in a secondary pneumothorax. T or F | True |
| Most of the muscle mass of the heart is located in which chamber? | Left ventricle (LV) |
| What is the ability of myocardial tissue to propagate electrical impulses? | automaticity |
| What are the first arteries to branch off the ascending aorta | coronary |
| Which vessels in the body act like a faucet, controlling the flow of blood into the capillary beds? | arterioles |
| What factor stimulates the corotid and aortic chemoreceptors? | high carbon dioxide levels |
| What in essence is Frank-Starling's Law of the Heart? | the greater the stretch, the greater the tension it generates when contracted |
| Which portion of the nervous system is mainly responsible for the central control of the blood flow? | sympathetic nervous system |
| The mitral (bicuspid) valve does which of the following? | seprates the left atrium and the left ventricle |
| Which of the following formulas is used to calculate the total amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute or cardiac output? | HR x SV |
| The second heart sound is associated with what mechanical event of the cardiac cycle? | Semilunar valve closure |
| Opening of the semilunar valves occur when which of the following occurs? | the pressures in the ventricles exceed those in the aorta and pulmonary arteries |
| Which of the following equations best protrays the factors determining mean arterial blood pressure? | MAP = CO X SVR |
| Why are the vessels of the venous system, particularly the small venules and veins, termed the capacitance vessels? | they can alter their capacity to maintain adequate perfusion |
| Which of the following represents the normal order of structures encountered by blood flowing from the vena cave to the aorta? | RA, tricuspid valve, RV, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, pulmonary veins, LA, mitral valve, LV, aortic valve |
| The semilunar (pulmonary and aortic) valves do which of the following? | separate the ventricles from their arterial outflow tracts |
| What are the major effects of peripheral chemoreceptors? | vasoconstriction and increased heart rate |
| The first heart sound is associated with what mechanical even of the cardiac cycle? | tricuspid valve closing |
| What is an appropriate normal resting cardiac output for a healthy adult? | 5000 mL/min |
| What method of chest tube removal has been associated with the lowest level of pneumothorax recurrance? | Remove the chest tube 48 hours after the air leak resolves |
| When using a small-bore catheter with a one-way valve such as a Heimlich valve, how can you determine definitvely that there is or is not a small air leak? | Connect to an underwater seal |
| A patient is suspected of having a pleural effusion. Which x-ray position is the most appropriate to confirm diagnosis? | Lateral Decubitus chest film |
| A chest tube placed anteriorly between the second and third ribs. The tube is probably intended to treat a: | pneumothorax |
| Immediately after insertion of a central line via subclavian vein, an intubated patient becomes dyspneic. The respiratory therapist should recommend which of the following diagnostics tests? | Chest radiograph |
| All of the following would be useful in differentiating right main stem intubation from a left-sided pneumothorax except: | Lung Compliance measurement |
| A patient has a heart rate of 70 bpm and a stroke volume of 60 mL with each heart beat. What is the approximate cardiac output in Lpm? | 4.2 Lpm |
| parietal pleura | Membrane covering the surface of the chest wall |
| Hemothorax | Blood in the pleural space |
| Bronchopleural fistual | Air leak from the lung to the pleural space |
| re-expansion Pulmonary Edema | Occurs when the lung is rapidly inflated after compression by plueral fluid |
| Viseral pleura | Membrane that lines the lung surface |
| tension pneumothorax | Air under pressure in the pleural space |
| empyema | Pus filled pleural effusion |
| pleurodesis | Procedure that fuses the pleura to prevent pneumothorax |
| automaticity | Ability to initiate a spontaneous electrical pulse |
| preload | Ventricular stretch provided by end -diastolic volume |
| afterload | Force against which the ventricle pumps |
| baroreceptors | biological sensors that monitor arterial blood pressure |
| pericardium | membranous sac that surrounds the heart |
Created by:
fsubull
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