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Phy. S. Chap. 17&18

TermDefinition
Element Any pure substance that is made of only one kind of atom.
4 elements Air, Fire, Earth, Water
There are _______ amount of elements 117
There are _______ amount of natural occurring elements 92
The 11 gases H, He, N, O, F, Ne, Cl, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn
Monotomic elements have 1 atom in natural state
Noble gases He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn
Diatomic elements H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2
Dmitri Mendeleev arranged the elements into what eventually became the periodic table today
Johann Dobereiner placed the elements in order of increasing mass. (he called them triads.
Periodicity repetition of certain properties at regular intervals when elements were placed in order of atomic mass
Henry Moseley discovered how to use x-rays. He lead the revision of the periodic table.
Metals belong to families with few valence electrons
Non-metals hold their electrons tightly, so their properties are very different from metals
the horizontal rows of the periodic table are called periods or series
The period number tells how many main energy levels the elements in that period have in their ground state
ground state lowest energy state for electrons
The more energy levels the larger it is
Cations positive and have more protons
Anion negative and has less protons
Electron affinity deals with the strength of attraction of electrons to unbonded atoms
electroegativity deals with an atoms ability to attract and hold electrons when bonded to other atoms
Covalent bonds nonmetal /nonmetal; sharing
ionic bonds metal/ nonmetal ; giving away and taking electrons
metallic bonds metal/metal ; everyone sharing
Created by: hollymay15
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