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Heat Transfer Vocab

Heat Transfer Vocabulary

TermDefinition
temperature A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object. A measure of how hot or cold something is.
kinetic molecular theory Faster moving molecules have more energy, so have a higher temperature.
thermometer A tool or device to measure the average kinetic energy of particles. The thermometer is based on thermal expansion due to the movement of particles.
Fahrenheit A temperature scale to measure the kinetic energy of particles (degrees F). 32 degrees F is the temperature of freezing water, 212 degrees F is boiling water.
celsius A temperature scale assigning 0 degrees as the freezing temperature for pure water and 100 degrees as the boiling point.
kelvin The absolute temperature scale. It is theorized at 0 on this scale all particle motion stops.
matter Anything that has mass and volume is this.
absolute zero The lowest temperature on the kelvin scale.
thermal conductor Can transfer heat easily.
heat energy transferred from a warmer object to a cooler object. Kinetic energy that is transferred between objects at different temperatures.
thermal insulator An object or material that reduces the transfer of heat.
convection Heat transfer through a fluid. The faster moving particles are less dense so pushed to the surface, the slower moving particles are more densely packed so drop.
radiation Heat transfer with no contact. Can be transferred through empty space, infrared, electromagnetic.
specific heat The amount of heat per unit of mass required to raise the temperature by one degree Celsius.
conduction When heat is directly transferred through an object. Objects have to be in contact.
phase change The change of a substance from one physical state to another. Solid, liquid, gas
freezing point The temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid.
boiling point The temperature that a liquid changes phase to a gas.
phase change The change of a substance from one physical state to another
melting change of state from a solid to a liquid.
freezing The change of state from a liquid to a solid.
condensation Occurs when water particles in a gas, slow down enough to attract each other and become a liquid.
vaporization Occurs when the particles of a liquid move fast enough to break their attraction for each other and become a gas.
boiling When the particles move fast enough to break their attraction for each other and become a gas.
evaporation When the particles on the surface of a liquid move fast enough to break their attraction for each other and become a gas.
sublimation The transition of a substance directly from a solid to a gas.
Created by: learnscience
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