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Force and Motion
Vocabulary terms for Force and Motion Unit
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Force | A push or pull; something that changes the motion of an object |
Acceleration | The rate at which velocity changes over time |
Gravity | The force that objects exert on each other based on their masses and the distance between the objects |
Inertia | The tendency of an object to resist change in its speed or direction of motion |
Balanced Force | Equal forces acting on an object in opposite directions (results in no motion) |
Friction | The resistive force two objects exert on each other when they rub together |
Distance | Measurement of how far an object travels |
Motion | The state in which one object's distance from another is changing |
Net Force | The overall force on an object when all the individual forces acting on the object are added together |
Unbalanced Force | A nonzero net force, which changes the motion of an object |
Velocity | Speed in a given direction |
Speed | The distance an object travels in a unit of time |
Weight | The force of gravity on an object at the surface of a planet |
Newton | Unit of measurement for force; equal to force required to accelerate 1 kg of mass at 1 meter per second per second (1m/s²) |
Newton's 1st Law of Motion (Law of Inertia) | An object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in motion will stay in motion at a constant velocity unless acted on by an outside (unbalanced) force |
Newton's 2nd Law of Motion | The net force on an object is equal to the product of its mass and acceleration (F=ma) |
Newton's 3rd Law of Motion | If one object exerts a force on another object, then the second object exerts a force of equal strength in the opposite direction (for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction) |
Momentum | the product of an object's mass and velocity |