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Chapter 9 & 10
Waves & Sound Terminology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Wave | A repeating disturbance that transfers energy through matter or space. |
| Medium | A material through which a wave travels. |
| Longitudinal (Compression) Wave | A wave where its matter vibrates back and forth in the same direction as the wave. |
| Wavelength | The distance between waves. Abbreviation: lambda SI Unit: meter |
| Amplitude | The amount of energy carried by a wave. |
| Frequency | The number of waves passing by every second Measured in m/s or Hz |
| Wavelength Equation | Wavelength=Velocity/Frequency |
| Seismic Waves | The waves produced by earthquakes. |
| Compression Waves (P Waves) | Seismic waves that travel through the Earth. |
| Shear Waves (S Waves) | Seismic waves that travel along the Earth's surface. |
| Richter Scale | Scale used to measure the amplitude of seismic waves. |
| Sonic boom | Sound produced when an object travels faster than the speed of sound. |
| Interference | A combination of two or more waves passing through each other. |
| Destructive Interference | Occurs when when crests pass through troughs and cancel each other out. |
| Constructive Interference | Occurs when two troughs, crests, rarefaction, or compression pass through each other. |
| Standing Wave | A wave pattern formed when waves continually interfere with each other. |
| Resonance | Vibrations that build when objects are forced to vibrate at their natural frequencies. |
| Infrasound | Sounds less than 20 Hz. |
| Ultrasound | Sounds greater than 20,000 Hz. |
| Pitch | Is the human perception of sound based on its frequency, highness, and/or lowness. |
| Loudness | The human perception of sound intensity. |
| Decibel: dB | The units used to measure sound loudness. Lowest sound still audible to humans: 0 dB Permanent hearing loss begins at: 120 dB |
| Sonar | Sound Navigation and Ranging |
| Doppler Effect | States that a change in frequency will occur due to the motion of the sound source. |
| Music | A patterned formed by using specific pitches and sound quality. |
| Noise | Sounds with no set pattern or pitch. |
| Overtones | Multiples of the fundamental frequency. |
| Reverberation: | The echos that are heard from the reflections of sound off different surfaces. |
| An-echoic Chamber | A room where no echos will be heard. |
| Gamma Wave | Shortest electromagnetic wave. |
| Radio Wave | Longest electromagnetic wave. |
Created by:
MadyZ
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