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Neurologic drugs

Oral Pharmacology for the Dental Hygienist

QuestionAnswer
PHENYTOIN DILANTIN tonic-clonic seizure and complex partial seizures
CARBAMAZEPINE TEGRETOL OR CARBITROL tonic-clonic and partial seizures and for trigeminal neuralgia
OXCARBAZEPINE TRILEPTAL momotherapy partial/mixed seizures adjuctive treatment of children and adults with refractory partial seizures
LEVETIRACETAM KEPPRA partial seizures generalized tonic-clonic, adjuctive refractory
PHENOBARBITAL LUMINAL alternative drug for partial seizures and tonic-clonic seizures; the drug of choice in febrile seizures in children
PRIMIDONE MYSOLINE complex parital and generalized tonic-clonic seizures
VALPROIC ACID DEPAKENE for complex partial seizures
DIVALPROEX SODIUM DEPAKOTE for complex partial seizures
ETHOSUXIMIDE ZARONTIN gerneralized absence (petit mal)
BENZODIAZEPINES DIAZEPAM OR CLONAZEPAM OR LORAZEPAM drug of choice in status epilepticus
GABAPENTIN NEURONTIN partial seizures adjunctive in adults and children with refractory partial seizures
PREGABLIN LYRICA partial seizures adjunctive in adults and children with refractory partial seizures
LAMOTRIGINE LAMICTAL partial seizures in combination with other drugs adjunctive in adults and children with refractory partial seizures
ZONISAMIDE ZONEGRAN partial seizures adjuctive in refractory
TIAGABINE GABITRIL adjunctive in refractory partial seizures
TOPIRAMATE TOPAMAX partial/tonic-clonic seizures
DOPAMINE PRECURSOR carbidopa/levodopa PARCOPA parkinson's disease moderate to severe
DOPAMINE PRECURSOR carbidop/levodopa/entacapone STALEVO parkinson's disease most effective drug (only 2-5 yrs) carbidop/levodopa/entacapone
MAO-B INHIBITOR selegiline rasagiline ELDEPRYL parkinson's disease use with levodopa/carbidopa AZILECT
COMT INHIBITOR entacapone tolcapone COMTAN parkinson's disease used in conjuct. with the dopa's TASMAR
DOPAMINE AGONISTS bromocriptine PARLODEL parkinson's disease directly activate dopamine receptors in the brain
DOPAMINE AGONISTS pergolide PERMAX parkinson's disease used as adjuctive treatment to dopa's
DOPAMINE AGONISTS pramipexole MIRAPEX parkinson's disease for mild to sever disease
DOPAMINE AGONISTS ropinirole REQUIP parkinson's disease no special features
ANTICHOLINERGIC AGENTS amantadine SYMMETREL parkinson's disease antimuscarinic; my increase dopamine activity
ANTICHOLINERGIC AGENTS denztropine COGENTIN parkinson's disease muscarinic antagonists; used for tremors
ANTICHOLINERGIC AGENTS trihexylphenidyl ARTANE parkinson's disease muscarinic antagonists; used for tremors
TRIPTANS almotriptan-Axert eletriptan-Relpax frovatriptan-Frova newest drug for migraines. Acute
NON-NARCOTIC ANALGESICS acetaminophen-Tylenol aspirin,acetaminophen,caffeine-Excedrin M ibuprofen-Advil abort migraine. Acute
NARCOTIC ANALGESICS codeine,acetaminophen,caffeine,butalbital- Fioricet abort migraine. Acute
ERGOT ergotamine-Ergomar ergotamine,caffeine-Carfergot abort migraine. Acute
ANTICONVULSANTS topiramate-Topamax valproic acid-Depakote migraine prophylaxis
CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS diltiazem-Cardizem nifedipeine-Procardia verapamil-calan migraine prophylaxis
BETA-BLOCKERS atenolol-Tenormin metroprolol-Lopressor propranolol-Inderal migraine prophylaxis
TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS anitriptyline-Elavil imipramine-Tofranil Nortipytyline-Pamelor migraine prophylaxis
BOTULINUM TOXIN botulinum toxin type A -Botox migraine prophylaxis injection
SULFONYLUREAS-1st generation chlopropamde-Diabinese tolazamide-Tolinase tolbutamide-Orinase stimulates release of insulin from pancreatic beta cells. use in type 2 diabetes
SULFONYLUREAS-2nd generation glipizide-Glucotrol glyburide-DiaBeta glimepiride-Amaryl stimulates release of insulin from pancreatic beta cells. use in type 2 diabetes
BIGUANIDES metformin-Glucophage shuts of the liver's excess glucose production
COMBO DRUGS Glucovance Metaglip Avandamet shuts of the liver's excess glucose production
THIAZOLIDINEDIONES pioglitazone-Actos rosiglitazone-Avandia newest agents. act to target insulin sensitivity
ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORS acarbose-Precose miglitol-Glyset slows postprandial carb absorption in the blood. used in type 2 diabetes that can't be teated by diet alone
MEGLITINIDES repaglinide-Prandin nateglinide-Starlix increases insulin secretion from beta cells, which reduces glucose levels
HYPERTHYROIDISM sweating,weight loss,nervousness propylthiouracil-PTU methimazole-Tapazole radioactive iodine-RAI beta-blockers-Propranolol iodine-Lugol's solution
HYPOTHYROIDISM cold,weak,tired,constipation thyroid USP thyroxine-Levoxyl,Synthroid triiodothyronine-Cytomel
SYSTEMIC GLUCOCORTICOSTEROIDS Short-Acting cortisone-Cortone hydrocortisone-Cortef anti-inflammatory effects (8-12 HRS) glucocorticosteroid
INTERMEDIATE ACTINGPREDNISOLONE prednisolone-Orapred,Prelone drug of choice b/c of low cost and few side effects (12-36 hrs) glucocorticosteroid
LONG ACTING betamethasone-Celestone dexamethasone-Decadron has the greatest anti-inflammatory activity (36-54 hrs) glucocorticosteroid
Created by: jamiegallo
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