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Periodic Table
Increase your knowledge of terms involving the periodic table.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ALKALI METALS | Highly reactive Soft and have low melting points and densities Almost never found in nature as a pure element Group 1 – Have 1 valence electron |
| ATOMIC MASS | Average mass of all known isotopes of an element (atom) Measurement of the total number of particles in an atom's nucleus (Protons + Neutrons = Atomic Mass) |
| ATOMIC SYMBOL | Symbol used to identify each element Uses 1 or 2 letters based on the element's name 1st letter is always capitalized 2nd letter is NOT "H" "BR" |
| Dmitri Mendeleev | Russian scientist Famous for his invention of the periodic table A classification of the elements |
| FAMILY or GROUP | Vertical columns of the Periodic Table (HINT: From top to bottom) Same number outer (valence) electrons Family members have similar chemical and physical properties BEWARE—Family 13-18 are written different i.e., Family 13 is written Family 3 |
| HALOGENS | Nonmetal Family Found in nature as gases Located on Periodic Table in Group 7 Combines directly with most metals to form salts – NaCl (Table Salt) |
| METALLOIDS | Exhibit some of the same Properties of metals & nonmetals Located along the stair-step line that separates metals from non-metals on the Periodic Table Some metalloids are semi-conductors – i.e., silicon |
| METALS | Group of elements on left side of the Periodic Table Generally hard and shiny Good conductors of heat & electricity Lose electrons when ionized |
| NOBLE GASES | Located on Periodic Table in Group 8 Generally NOT reactive Have maximum (8) number of electrons possible in their outer (valence) shell (Exception Helium) |
| NONMETALS | Opposite of metals Poor conductors of heat and electricity Gain/share valence electrons easily They gain electrons to fill their outermost energy level |
| PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS | Table showing all known elements Based on their atomic number Arranged by Periods (rows) AND Groups (families) |
| PERIODS | Horizontal rows of the Periodic Table (HINT: From left to right) Atomic number increases left to right Row number tells you how many energy levels the atom contains |
| IONIZATION | The gain or loss of electrons |
Created by:
pj johnson
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