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Grade 8 LA Terms
Language Arts RL and RI Testing Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| A word with a meaning similar to another word | synonym |
| A word with a meaning opposite of another word | antonym |
| figurative language that compares two ideas using the words like or as | simile |
| figurative language that states or suggests that one this is another thing | metaphor |
| stem or main part of a word | root word |
| added to beginning of a root word to change meaning | prefix |
| added to end of a root word to change meaning | suffix |
| events told in order from beginning to end, in number order | chronological order |
| what a selection is mostly about, usually found in first and last sentences of paragraphs, or the title | main idea or central idea |
| a life lesson or message the author is trying to present in his or her writing | theme |
| figuring something out that is not written in words, from reading and thinking about the selection | inference |
| similarities between two things | comparison |
| differences between two things | contrast |
| a thing that happens that sets something else up to happen, usually happens 1st | cause |
| a result that happens because of something else, happens 2nd | effect |
| gives the main idea and most important details from a selection, (ingredients or SWBS) | summary |
| this tells how the author feels about what they are writing, may be positive, negative or neutral | tone |
| author presents both sides of an issue with facts, lets reader make own conclusion | writing to inform |
| author tries to influence the reader to think or believe a certain way | writing to persuade |
| author simply wants to make readers laugh, cry or enjoy the writing | writing to entertain |
| Author wants to tell about one subject with great detail | writing to explain |
| statement that can be checked, was witnessed or observed | fact |
| statement that cannot be checked, can be argued, someone's thoughts, feelings or beliefs | opinion |
| the events in a story, must contain a problem and a solution | plot |
| the someone in a story | character |
| where and when a story takes place, reveals mood, important to the problem | setting |
| the general feeling you get from a story | mood |
| main problem faced by a character in a story | conflict |
| the solution to the problem in the story | resolution |
| point of the most suspense, usually the turning point where the solution of the problem is hinted | climax |
| person telling the story | narrator |
| the story is told by the person in it, these words appear: I, me , myself | first-person point of view |
| the story is told by someone not in the story, they see and hear one characters views | third person-limited point of view |
| the story is told be someone not in the story, but the narrator is all-knowing | third person-omniscient point of view |
| figurative language that gives an animal or object a quality of a person | personification |
| figurative language that is an exaggeration used by the author | hyperbole |
| figurative language: the use of one object to stand for another thing or feeling | symbolism |
| use of words that begin with same letter or sound | alliteration |
| a comparison that needs to be thought about to determine a relationship between the words | analogy |
| use of words to resemble a sound | onomatopoeia |
| group of lines in a poem | stanza |
| find in the selection and write it down | identify |
| the importance of | significance |
| something that is good, positive or an advantage | benefit |
| important or related to | relevant |
| a row of words in a poem, usually numbered | line |
| use of the same sound, word, phrase or line over and over again in a poem to emphasize it's importance | repetition |
| the narrator or voice of a poem | speaker |
| a picture that a poem creates in the reader's mind | image |
| the repetition of end sounds within a poem | rhyme |
| the "beat" in a poem, a pattern formed by stressed and unstressed syllables | rhythm |
| words that appeal to any of the five senses | sensory words |
| told from a factual perspective, withOUT feelings | objective point of view |
| told from an emotional perspective, uses feeling to make decisions | subjective point of view |
| if a question asks this, you must give ways that somethings was done | How |
| prove | support |
| find one sentence in the story to prove your answer and copy it down | detail example |
| the opinion or thoughts of someone or it can also mean point of view | viewpoint |
| show or draw | illustrate |
| description word | characteristic |
| reason | purpose |
| a small section of a reading passage | excerpt |
| if a question asks this, you must give a reason that something was done | Why |
| a way a writer may organize writing based on shared characteristics often uses subheadings | Classify or Classification |
| a way of organizing writing to help the reader see an image or picture, it tells the reader which part of a picture to look at | Spatial Order |
| A way of organizing writing , the author organizes topics in order from most important to least important | Order of Importance |
| Order of writing is organized with a chain of causes and effects or focuses on topic and many causes or effects of that topic | Cause and Effect |
| a way of writing where the author looks at 2 or more topics and points out how they are similar or different | Compare and Contrast |
| a way of writing where the author explains a problem and offers a solution or multiple solutions to the problem | Problem and Solution |
| a way of writing where the author explains the issue being debated and presents the reader with one or both sides | Argument |
| a way of writing where the author explains the main idea and then describes it using sensory words, qualities or characteristics | Description |
| remain the same through story | Static (Flat) Character |
| a character says one thing, but means another AKA-Sarcasm, Usually produces humor | verbal irony |
| set of initials, each represents a word | acronyms |
| a means of communication, information or entertainment in society (newspaper, radio, TV) | medium |
| believable or worthy of trust | credibility |
| to make an assertion or make a case for | claim |
| adequate or enough for the purpose | sufficient |
| describe or outline precisely | delineate |
| grow and change through the story, usually change their viewpoint or feelings throughout the story | Dynamic (Round) Character |
| a character expects one outcome but the opposite occurs | situational irony |
| the reader or audience has important information that the character does not have;Usually creates the effects of humor or suspense | dramatic irony |
| conversation between characters, usually in quotes contains clues to figure out characteristics, personality and qualities of characters | Dialogue |
| a way of writing where the author tells about a process or method of doing something in a certain order, might include steps or instructions | Process Structure |
| a way of writing where the author presents a main idea and them gives many specific details to help the reader understand the main idea | Main Idea and Details |
| dissect and think about, then give reasons for | Analyze |
Created by:
Greenslade
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