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Computer Basics

Hardware and Storage Devices

TermDefinition
Hardware Anything inside and outside of a computer that you can handle Example: fan, power box, keyboard, mouse, memory, hard drive
CPU (Central Processing Unit) The brain of the computer because it's where the processing takes place.
Input Devices The gadget that puts information into the computer. Examples: Keyboard, Mouse, Microphone
Output Devices The gadget that gets information out of the computer Examples: Headphones, Monitor, Projector
Storage Device Were thing are stored when power is out. Examples: Hard Drive, Flash Drive, CD, SD card, One Drive, Cloud
Cloud, Drop Box, Onedrive, etc. Saves information on an Internet server (not on your computer)
Software Something in the computer that you can't touch. Examples: programs
Hertz Measure the speed of CPU (Number of cycles per second)
RAM (Random access memory) Temporary storage area that is volatile.
ROM(Read Only Memory) The data in rom chips cannot be updated, changed, or tampered with
Binary Numbers 0 and 1
bit each 0 or 1
Byte 8 bit
Kilobyte 8,000 bits or 1,024 Bytes
Megabyte 8,000,000 bits or 1,048,576 Bytes
Gigabyte 8,000,000,000 bits or 1,000,000,000 Bytes
Terabyte 8,000,000,000,000 bits or 1,000,000,000,000 Bytes
Petabyte 8,000,000,000,000,000 bits or 1,000,000,000,000,000 Bytes
Bytes in order Kilo, Mega, Giga, Tera, Peta, Exa, Zetta, Yotta
Application Software Programs that allow users to perform specific tasks Examples: Word processing, Spreadsheets, Electronic Presentation, Browser, Database, Recycle Bin
Word Processing Letters, reports, text
Spreadsheets Numbers
Electronic Presentations Slide Shows
Browser Access the Internet,A program designed to view web pages
Database Large collections of data
Recycle Bin Stores garbage until emptied
File A document, picture, ect.
Network Computers and other devices that are connected in order to share data and resources
Firewall A security system that limits the exposure from hackers
IP address A unigue identifying number assigned to each computer connected to a network or the internet
LAN(Local Area Network) Computer network that is located within a limited geographical area such as a school
WAN(Wide Area Network) Interconnected computers and peripherals that cover a large geographical area
AUP(Acceptable Use Policy) Users agree to use the network properly. It keeps the network safe.
WWW World wide web
Homepage The first page when opening a broswer
Hyperlink Connects to other web pages
Bookmarks Add bookmarks to get back to a good page
Search Engine Google,Yahoo
Boolean logic or, and, not
URL Uniform Resource Locator
Domain .gov- government .edu- education .com- commercial .org- organization .net- network .mil- military .int international organization
Credibility/Authority Who is the author? What are the credentials? Education?
Look at the Domain delete up to .com, .edu, etc.
Copyright A form of legal protection that grant certain exclusive rights to an author or creator. Serve
Software License Legal contracts between the purchaser and the copyright owner that defines how a computer program may be used.
Public Domain Download for free from web
Freeware Free to use
Shareware License
All Rights Reserved License You can't legally use it or even possess it without the owners permission
Creative Commons Allows students and teachers to use copyrighted material for educational purposes.
Piracy The illegal copying of sowtware
Citing Internet Information Author's name title version date address date accessed
Ethics Principles that guide behavior. They are our values.
Created by: martinan
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