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Computer Basics
Hardware and Storage Devices
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hardware | Anything inside and outside of a computer that you can handle Example: fan, power box, keyboard, mouse, memory, hard drive |
| CPU (Central Processing Unit) | The brain of the computer because it's where the processing takes place. |
| Input Devices | The gadget that puts information into the computer. Examples: Keyboard, Mouse, Microphone |
| Output Devices | The gadget that gets information out of the computer Examples: Headphones, Monitor, Projector |
| Storage Device | Were thing are stored when power is out. Examples: Hard Drive, Flash Drive, CD, SD card, One Drive, Cloud |
| Cloud, Drop Box, Onedrive, etc. | Saves information on an Internet server (not on your computer) |
| Software | Something in the computer that you can't touch. Examples: programs |
| Hertz | Measure the speed of CPU (Number of cycles per second) |
| RAM (Random access memory) | Temporary storage area that is volatile. |
| ROM(Read Only Memory) | The data in rom chips cannot be updated, changed, or tampered with |
| Binary Numbers | 0 and 1 |
| bit | each 0 or 1 |
| Byte | 8 bit |
| Kilobyte | 8,000 bits or 1,024 Bytes |
| Megabyte | 8,000,000 bits or 1,048,576 Bytes |
| Gigabyte | 8,000,000,000 bits or 1,000,000,000 Bytes |
| Terabyte | 8,000,000,000,000 bits or 1,000,000,000,000 Bytes |
| Petabyte | 8,000,000,000,000,000 bits or 1,000,000,000,000,000 Bytes |
| Bytes in order | Kilo, Mega, Giga, Tera, Peta, Exa, Zetta, Yotta |
| Application Software | Programs that allow users to perform specific tasks Examples: Word processing, Spreadsheets, Electronic Presentation, Browser, Database, Recycle Bin |
| Word Processing | Letters, reports, text |
| Spreadsheets | Numbers |
| Electronic Presentations | Slide Shows |
| Browser | Access the Internet,A program designed to view web pages |
| Database | Large collections of data |
| Recycle Bin | Stores garbage until emptied |
| File | A document, picture, ect. |
| Network | Computers and other devices that are connected in order to share data and resources |
| Firewall | A security system that limits the exposure from hackers |
| IP address | A unigue identifying number assigned to each computer connected to a network or the internet |
| LAN(Local Area Network) | Computer network that is located within a limited geographical area such as a school |
| WAN(Wide Area Network) | Interconnected computers and peripherals that cover a large geographical area |
| AUP(Acceptable Use Policy) | Users agree to use the network properly. It keeps the network safe. |
| WWW | World wide web |
| Homepage | The first page when opening a broswer |
| Hyperlink | Connects to other web pages |
| Bookmarks | Add bookmarks to get back to a good page |
| Search Engine | Google,Yahoo |
| Boolean logic | or, and, not |
| URL | Uniform Resource Locator |
| Domain | .gov- government .edu- education .com- commercial .org- organization .net- network .mil- military .int international organization |
| Credibility/Authority | Who is the author? What are the credentials? Education? |
| Look at the Domain | delete up to .com, .edu, etc. |
| Copyright | A form of legal protection that grant certain exclusive rights to an author or creator. Serve |
| Software License | Legal contracts between the purchaser and the copyright owner that defines how a computer program may be used. |
| Public Domain | Download for free from web |
| Freeware | Free to use |
| Shareware License | |
| All Rights Reserved License | You can't legally use it or even possess it without the owners permission |
| Creative Commons | Allows students and teachers to use copyrighted material for educational purposes. |
| Piracy | The illegal copying of sowtware |
| Citing Internet Information | Author's name title version date address date accessed |
| Ethics | Principles that guide behavior. They are our values. |
Created by:
martinan
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