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LSDP

life span developmental psychology Ch 3

QuestionAnswer
Refers to the positive emotional bond that develops between a child and a particular individual. attachment
A nerve fiber that extends from a neuron and transmits electrical impulses from that neuron to the dendrite of another neuron. axon
The ability to focus two eyes in a coordinated manner in order to see one object. binocular vision
The principle that growth follows a pattern that begins with the head and upper body parts and then proceeds down to the rest of the body. cephalocaudal principle
The crinkled outer layer of the brain and the location of most thinking, feeling, and sensing. cortex
The ability to identify a stimulus that was previously experienced through one sense by using another sense. cross-modal transference
A nerve fiber that extends from a neuron and receives electrical impulses transmitted from other neurons via their axon. dendrite
Small body movements, usually of the fingers. fine motor skills
Abilities that require large body movements, such as walking running, and jumping. gross motor skills
The process of getting use to an object or event after repeated exposure to it. It reflects both a psychological and physiologic response. habituation
The biological protection of the brain when malnutrition temporarily affects body growth. head-sparing
A protein deficiency that causes the child’s face, legs, and abdomen to bloat, or swell with water. kwashiorkor
Refers to the systematic, meaningful arrangement of symbols which provides the basis for communication. language
A disease of severe protein-calorie malnutrition during early infancy. marasmus
The basic cell of the nervous system. neuron
A standard or average calculated from many individuals within a specific type of group (e.g. healthy newborns). norm
A measure of how a child compares to others the same age. It refers to any point on a scale from 1 to 99. percentile
The principle that simple skills typically develop separately and independently but are later integrated into more complex skills. principle of hierarchical integration
The principle that different body systems grow at different rates. principle of the independence of systems
Occurs when a child does not consume sufficient food of any kind. protein-calorie malnutrition
The principle that development proceeds from the center of the body outward. proximodistal principle
Involuntary and unlearned responses that occur spontaneously in the presence of certain stimuli. reflexes
Repetitive cycles of behaviors that help babies manage their new world. rhythms
The degree of awareness an infant displays to both internal and external stimulation. state
Gaps at the connections between neurons through which neurons chemically communicate with each other. synapses
Patterns of arousal and emotionality that are consistent and enduring characteristics of an individual. temperament
An estimated five-fold increase in the number of dendrites in the infant’s brain. This results in upwards of 15,000 new connections per neuron. transient exuberance
Created by: 100001293488367
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