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RSPT chp 16 egans
clinical and lab data
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Clinical biochemistry | Analysis of blood, urine and bodily fluids |
| hematology | Analyzes cellular components of blood |
| microbiology | Analysis of blood and other bodily fluids for presence of infectious agents |
| immunology | Focuses on autoimmune and immune deficiency diseases |
| Anatomic pathology | Analysis of tissue for diagnosing disease |
| Complete blood count (CBC) | Counts and examines - leukocytes, erythrocytes, thrombocytes |
| neutrophils | Increased with bacterial infection |
| lymphocytes | Increased with viral and other infections reduced with immunodeficiency problems |
| eosinophil's | Increased with allergic reactions and parasitic infections |
| basophils | Increased with allergic reactions |
| monocytes | Increased with invasion of foreign bodies |
| WBC count above normal | leukocytosis |
| WBC count below normal | leukopenia |
| Normal range for neutrophils | 40-75 % |
| Normal range for eosinophils | 0-6% |
| Normal range for basophils | 0-1% |
| Normal range for monocytes | 2-10% |
| Normal range for lymphocytes | 20-45% |
| Bands | Immature neutrophils |
| Segs segmented neutrophils | Mature neutrophils |
| anemia | Reduced red blood cells |
| polycythemia | Abnormal elevation of RBCs |
| Normal range for hemoglobin | 12-17 g/dl |
| What is an electrolyte | A charged ion that influence the functions of certain enzymes |
| List a few electrolytes | Sodium, potassium, chloride, glucose |
| renal mediated waste products | creatine and blood urea nitrogen BUN |
| Normal range for creatine | 1.5 |
| Normal range for BUN | 20-25 |
| anion gap normal range | 8-14 mmol/l |
| An ion gap | Determines if decrease in HCO3 is caused by disruption of normal an ion balance or presence of abnormal acid anion |
| What is lactate | End product of anaerobic glucose metabolism, overproduction or insufficient metabolism results in lactate acidosis |
| Pancreatic enzymes | lipase and amylase |
| Symptoms of ischemic damage to the heart, brain and muscle tissue | Elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK) |
| thromobocytopenia | Low platelets |
| thrombocytosis | Excessive platelets |
| How is coagulation tested | prothrombin time (PT), Partial thromboplastin time ( PTT) and (INR) international standardized ratio, D-dimer |
| What is a D- DIMER | Found in blood when fibrin clots are dissolving, helps diagnose the presence of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism |
| What kind of drug break up clots | kinase drugs |
| Sweat chloride test | Used in cystic fibrosis 40-60 mmol/l is borderline must be used with other tests to confirm diagnosis |
| What test is done to determine TB | Acid fast test |
Created by:
pearlekg
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