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Prototype Drugs

Protoype Drugs in UAA Nursing 180

Prototype Drug Theraputic ClassPharmacologic Class Action Uses AdminContraindications Interactions Overdose
Prazosin (Minipress) Antihypertensive Adrenergic-Blocking Drug Selective alpha1- adrenergic anagonist that competes with norepinephrine rapid decrease in peripheral resistance to reduce blood pressure Give a low dose to avoid severe hypotension; preg C Safety during pregnancy and lactation is not established Use of lower antihypertensives and diuretics produces synergistic effect; increases urinary metabolites of VMA and norepinephrine (adrenal tumor); no saw palmetto and nettle root May cause hypotension; to fix tx with fluid expanders and vasopressors(dopamine/dobutamin)
bethanechol (Duvoid, Urecholine) Nonobstructive urinary retention agent Muscarinic cholinergic receptor agent direct acting Para-ympathomimetic that cuases typical parasympathetic action increases smooth muscle tone and contractions'; nonobstructive urinary rention Never IM/IV; Oral and sub q are not interchangeable; Monitor blood pressure, pulse and resp before admin and at least 1 hour after sub-q admin; Preg C Pt with asthma, epilepsy, parkinsonism and preg/laction safety has not been established cholinesterase inhibitors, procainamide, quinidine, atropine, and epinephrine; may increase lab of AST, amylase, and lipase; no angel's trumpet, jimson weed, or scopalia Treatment of overdose is atropine sulfate Sub-Q, than IV for emergencies
Physostigmine (Antilirum) Antidote for Atropine-induced delirium acetylcholinersterase inhibitors
phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrien) Nasal decongestant; mydriatic drug; antihypotensive Adrenergic agent Sympathetic stimulation Reduces nasal congestion; dilate the pupil; reverse acute hypotension and vascular shock Paraenteral admin can cuase tissue injury with extravasation; ophthalmic drops may damage soft contact lenses; preg C Do not give to pt with acute pancreatitis; heart disease, hepatitis, or narrow-angle glaucoma MAO inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, ergot alkaloids, oxytocin, alpha blockers and beta blockers, digoxin, iron salts, May cause tachycardia and hypertension; tx with alpha blocker such as phentolamine (regitine) may reduce blood pressure
Created by: 100001673595985
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