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Respiratory System
A list of key terms from Chapter 7.10
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Alveoli | Microscopic air sacs in the lungs. |
Bronchi | Two main branches of the trachea; air tubes to and from the lungs. |
Bronchioles | Small branches of the bronchi; carry air in the lungs. |
Cellular Respiration | Respiration on a cellular level. |
Cilia | Hairlike projections. |
Epiglottis | Leaf-shaped structure that closes over the larynx during swallowing. |
Expiration | The expulsion of air from the lungs; breathing out air. |
External Respiration | The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and bloodstream. |
Inspiration | Breathing in; taking air into the lungs. |
Internal Respiration | The exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen between the tissue cells and the bloodstream. |
Larynx | Voice box, located between the pharynx and trachea. |
Lungs | Organs of respiration located in the thoracic cavity. |
Nasal Cavity | Space between the cranium and the roof of the mouth. |
Nasal Septum | Bony and cartilaginous partition that separates the nasal cavity into two sections. |
Nose | The projections in the center of the face; the organ for smelling and breathing. |
Pharynx | The throat. |
Pleura | A serous membrane that covers the lungs and lines the thoracic cavity. |
Respiration | The process of taking in oxygen (inspiration) and expelling carbon dioxide (expiration) by way of the lungs and air passages. |
Respiratiory System | Consists of the lungs and air passages; responsible for taking in oxygen and removing carbon dioxide. |
Sinuses | Cavities or air spaces in bones. |
Trachea | Windpipe; air tube from the larynx to the bronchi. |
Ventilation | Process of breathing. |
Asthma | Respiratory disorder caused by a sensitivity to an allerge, stress, overexertion, and/or infection. |
Bronchitis | Inflammation of the bronchi and bronchial tubes. |
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | Any chronic lung disease that results in the obstruction of airways. |
Emphysema | A nonenfectious, chronic respiratory condition that occurs when the walls of the alveoli deteriorate and lose their elasticity. Carbon dioxide becomes trapped in the lungs. |
Epistaxis | Nosebleed which occurs when capillaries in the nose become cngested and bleed. |
Influenza | Highly contagious viral infection of the upper respiratory system. |
Laryngitis | Inflammation of the larynx and vocal cords. |
Lung Cancer | Leading cause of cancer death in men and women; tumor or tumors in the lungs. |
Pleurisy | Inflammation of the pleura, or membranes, of the lungs. |
Pneumonia | Inflammation or infection of the lungs characterized by exudate, a build up of fluid in the alveoli. |
Rhinitis | Inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane, relulting in a runny nose, watery eyes, sneezing, soreness, and congestion. |
Sinusitis | Inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the sinuses. |
Sleep Apnea | Conition in which an individual stops breathing while asleep. |
Tuberculosis | Infectious lung disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
Upper Respiratory Infection | Common cold, inflamation of the mucous membrane lining the upper respiratory tract. |