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Pharm Exam 3
Fabbio
Term | Definition |
---|---|
NSAIDs | Inhibits COX enzyme, blocks prostaglandins; can cause severe GI and renal toxicity |
Methotrexate | Inhibits cyytokines and purine biosynthesis, stimulates adenosine; teratogenesis, thrombocytopenia, elevated LFTs |
Hydroxychloroquine | Retinopathy (Amsler grid) |
Azathioprine | suppresses B and T cells via 6 thioguanine; bone marrw suppresion, increased incidence of infections |
Cyclophosphamide | works via active metabolite |
Cyclosporine | inhibits interleukin 1 and 2; can cause significant nephrotoxicity, HTN, hyperkalemia, hepatotoxicity, gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism |
Leflunomide | MC side effect: diarrhea; most significant: hepatotoxicity, immunosuppression, hematologic toxicity, teratogenic |
MMF | Semisynthetic, mycophenolic acid; causes hematologic and hepatotoxicity |
Sulfasalazine | prodrug cleaved by bacteria in the colon; can cause GI symptoms and a rash; interacts with antibiotics, iron supplements, and warfarin |
Abatacept | Binds to APC on the T cell; can cause "flu-like symptoms" |
Rutiximab | monoclonal antibody that suppresses B cells; Best to give with MTX |
Tocilizumab | IL-6 mediated; can cause URI, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, increased risk for infections; CYP450 inducer |
Adalimumab | TNF-blocking agent; can cause a local injection site reaction |
Certolizumab Pegol | TNF-blocking agent; polyethylene glycol; used for Crohns disease |
Etanercept | TNF blocking agent |
Golimumab | TNF blocking agent; treatment of psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis |
Infliximab | TNF blocking agent,given IV |
Prednisone and Methylprednisolone | Anti--inflammatory, analgesic, immunosuppressive; can cause adrenal suppression, Cushing's, osteoporosis, gastritis, glucose intolerance |
Colchicine | Anti-inflammatory; can cause GI side effects and seizures; used as 2nd line for acute gout attacks |
Probenecid, Sulfinpyrazone | Inhibits reabsorption of uric acid; can cause nephrotic syndrome |
Allopurinol, Febuxostat | Reduces uric acid production; can cause hepatotoxicity, peripheral neuritis, bone marrow suppression |
Pegloticase | Converts uric acid to inactive form: allantoin; BBW of hypersensitivity/anaphylactoid reactions |