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Human Body

TermDefinition
Esophagus A Muscular tissue that connects the mouth to the stomach.
Epiglottis A Flap of tissue that seals of the windpipe and prevents food from entering.
peristalis Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food moving along in one directions through the central nervous system.
Absorption The process by which nutrients pass from the digestive system into the blood.
Striated Muscle A Muscle that appears to be banded also called the skeletal muscle.
Smooth muscle Involuntary muscle found inside many internal organs of the body.
Cardiac Muscle Tissue found only in the heart.
Ligament Strong connective tissue that holds bones together in movable joints.
Tendons Strong connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone.
Cartilage A connective tissue that is more flexible than bones and that protects the ends of bones and keeps them from rubbing together.
Villi Tiny finger shaped structure that covers the inner surface of the small intestine and provide a large surface area though which digested food is absorbed.
Pacemaker A group of cells located in the right atrium that sends out signals that make the heart muscle contract and that regulates heartbeat rate.
Homeostasis The maintenance of stable internal conditions in an organism.
Joint A place in the body where two bones come together.
Dermis The inner layer of the skin.
Epidermis The outer layer of the skin.
Compact Bone Hard,dense bone tissue that is beneath the outer membrane of a bone.
Spongy Bone Layer of bone tissue having many small spaces and found just inside the layer of compact bone.
Folicle Structure in the dermis of the skin from which a strand of hair grows
Artery A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.
melanin A pigment that give skin its color.
Mechanical Digestion
Chemical Digestion
Integumentary system
Red marrow Soft connective tissue inside the bone that produces red blood cells.
Yellow marrow Soft connective tissue inside the bone that sores fat.
Capillary A tiny blood vessel where substances are exchanged between the blood and the body cells.
Vein A blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart.
Plasma The liquid part of the blood.
Red Blood Cell A cell in the blood that takes up oxygen in the lungs and delivers it to cells elsewhere in the body.
Hemoglobin An Iron containing protein that binds chemically to oxygen molecules.
White Blood Cell A blood cell that can fight diseases.
Platelets A cell fragment that play a important part in forming blood clots.
Lymph The fluid that the lymphatic system collects and returns to the blood stream
Lymph node A small knob of tissue in the lymphatic system tat filters lymph,trapping bacteria and other micro organism that cause disease.
cilliia The hair like projections on the outside of cells that move in a wave like manner.
Pharynx The Throat.
Larynx The Voice Box.
trachea The windpipe;a passage through which the air moves in the respiratory systems.
alveoli Tiny sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gasses between air and blood.
diaphram A large muscle located at the bottom of a mammals rib cage that functions in breathing.
excretion The process by which wastes are removed from the body.
urea A chemical that comes from the breakdown of proteins.
kidney A major organ in the excretory system that removes urea and other wastes from the blood.
ureter A narrow tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.
urinary bladder A sack-like muscular organ that stores urine until it is eliminated from the body
urethra A small tube which urine flows through the body.
nephron A small filtering structure found in the kidneys that removes wastes from the blood and produces urine.
pathogen An organism that causes diseases
inflammatory response part of the body's defense against pathogens in which fluid and white blood cells leak from the blood vessels into tissues and white blood cells destroy pathogens.
immune response part of the body's defense against pathogens in which cells of the immune system react to each kind of pathogen with a defense targeted specifically at that pathogen.
antibody A protein produced by the b cell of the immune system that destroys pathogens.
stimulus A change in an organism's surroundings that causes the organism to react.
response An action or change in behavior that occurs in reaction to a stimulus.
neuron A cell that carries information through the nervous system.
dendrite A thread like extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses toward the cell body .
axon A thread like extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away the cell body .
nerve A bundle of nerve fibers.
Sensory neuron A neuron that picks up stimuli from the internal or external environment and converts each stimulus ito a nerve impulse.
inter neuron A neuron that carries nerve impulses from one neuron to the other.
motor neuron A neuron that sends an impulse to a muscle or gland ,causing the muscle or gland to react.
synapse The junction where one neuron can transfer an impulse to the next structure.
central nervous system The division of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.
peripheral nervous system The division of the nervous system consisting of all the nerves located outside the central nervous system.
somatic nervous system The group of nerves in the peripheral nervous system that controls voluntary actions.
autonomic nervous system The group of nerves in the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary actions.
reflex An automatic response that occurs rapidly and without conscious control.
hormone A chemical in an organism that produces a specific effect such as growth or development.
endocrine gland A structure of the endocrine system that produces and releases its chemical products directly into the blood stream.
target cell A cell in the body that recognizes a hormones chemical structure.
Skeletal Muscle
Created by: FellowComrade
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