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English Vocab Test 1
Vocab on Narratives and Shakespeare Plays
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Narrative | Type of literature with a plot and characters. May be real or fictional. Novels are long narratives; short stories are short narratives. Narratives can be further sub-divided into genres such as fantasy and etc. based on specific traits or qualities. |
| Plot | All the events in a story or narrative; the series of events in a story. |
| Plot elements | Breakdown of the 5 parts of the story into exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution. These subdivisions or sections are found in all narratives. |
| Exposition | Earliest part of a story; exposes information about the characters, setting, conflict, and narrative style. |
| Rising Action | Largest part of a story; includes various attempts to solve the conflict and complications. |
| Climax | The turning point in the story-signified by a change in thinking and/or a shift in power. |
| Falling Action | Generally short section of a story where events begin to wind down after the turning point. |
| Resolution | The final portion of a story in which the action comes to a close since the conflict has been resolved. |
| Characters | Beings in a story causing the action and events. |
| Protagonist | Major character(s) attempting to solve the conflict in the story; major-dynamic character who works through conflict(s) in a story. |
| Antagonist | Major character(s) causing or contributing to the conflict in the story. |
| Major Character | Being having a significent or major impact on the plot (events) of the story. |
| Minor Character | Being having little or no impact on the plot (events) of the story. |
| Round Character | Realistic, memorable beings that come to life on the page through association adn description. |
| Flat Character | Vague, generic, or forgettable beings that fade into the background of the story. |
| Static Character | Being that stays the same (constant) in thinking or feeling throughout a story; a non-changing character or being. |
| Dynamic Character | Being that grows and changes emotionally, spiritually, or psychologically due to experiences and events within the story. |
| Characterization | Process of bringing characters to life on the page through description, dialogue, & action. |
| Direct Characterization | Information about a character which is explicitly stated in the text by the author. |
| Indirect Characterization | Information pieced together or inferred about a character through the reader's perception or interpretation. |
| Conflict | 1) Central or main problem in a story. 2) A struggle between opposing forces. |
| Inciting Incident | The event or occurrence revealing the central problem to the reader or audience. |
| Types of Conflict | Internal- A struggle or problem within a character; the protagonist struggles within self. External- A struggle or problem caused for protagonist by an outside force. |
| Categories of Conflict | One of four categories which best describes the nature of the main problem: Character vs. Character [external] Character vs. Self [internal] Character vs. Environment [external] Character vs. Society [external] |
| Narrative Style / Narration / Point-of-View | How the story is being told. The point-of-view from which the story is told. |
| 1st Person P.O.V. | A character within the story relates events as the "I" or 1st person narrator. |
| 2nd Person P.O.V. | Someone outsid the story dictates action to YOU the reader as if you were part of the story. |
| 3rd Person P.O.V. | Someone from outside the story relates events as they unfold. |
| 3rd Person Omniscient P.O.V. | An all-knowing third person narrator reveals all events and all characters fellings and thoughts. |
| 3rd Person Limited Omniscient | An all-knowing, but limited third person narrator reveals all events, but only specific character's feelings and thoughts. |
| Theme | A message, big idea, or statement about life developed through the story by the author. |
| Mood | feeling or emotion developed through a scene or an entire story, often developedthrough the setting, action, and word choice. |
| Tone | An attitude or position a writer deliberately displays toward a topic or character, which is often developed through word choice, biased information, and/or omission of key facts. |
| Literary Devices | Specific writing techniques used by writers to enhance or influence meaning. |
| Forshadowing | Hints or clues provided to the reader about events yet to come in a story. |
| Symbolism | Object or concept represents something other than itself. Metaphorical representation. |
| Personification | Process of giving human qualities to non-human objects. |
| Denotation | Use of the literal or dictionary definition of a word; literal or basic meaning. |
| Connotation | Use of the emotionally-charged, metaphorical, sarcastic, or satirical meaning of a word. |
| Irony | A contradiction; something with an unexpected, unintended or double meaning. |
| Types of Irony | Verbal, Situational, Dramatic |
| Verbal Irony | Contradiction between what is said or stated and what is meant or inteded. |
| Siuational Irony | Contradiction between appearance and reality. A situation appears to be one way, but is really something quite different. |
| Dramatic Irony | Contradiction between what the audience/reader knows and what certain characters in the story know to be true. |
| Play / Drama | Type of literature to be performed on a stage before an audience. |
| Playwright | Person who writes a play; author of a play (compare to poet, novelist, essayist). |
| Tragedy | A drama in which one or more main characters experience a tremendous misfortune or downfall. |
| Morality Play | A drama, which focuses upon social problems or a breackdown in society in order to convey values and moral insights; morality plays often end with justice being served. |
| Dramatic Structure/Format/Organization | How a play is organized. |
| Cast of Characters | List of characters in the play, usually found at beginning of script and generally organized in order of appearance or importance. |
| Act | Large division in a play, seperating the action into specific segments. |
| Scene | Smaller division found within an act. |
| Lines | Words Actors say on stage. |
| Line #'s | Reference indicators numbering the lines within a scene (usually by 5's). |
| Stage Direction | Written instructions for actors indicating how to move or speack on stage [italicized]. |
| Blocking | Process of planning and choreographing movements on stage. |
| Props | Objects used by actors on stage. |
| Upstaging | Distraction pulling the audience's attention away from the intended action of the play; one actor deliberately or inadvertnetly draws attention away from another actor. |
| Prologue | Narrative at beginning of a play which sets the scene and explains what has happened prior to the start of the action; it may foreshadow or explain events to come (prologues can also be found in novels). Comes before exposition. |
| Epilogue | Narrative explaining events that occurred after the resolution of the story (epilogues are often found at the end of novels). |
| Aside | Quiet, secondary conversation on stage, generally directed to one other character so other characters will not hear; must be lound enough for audience. |
| Monologue | A lengthy speech delivered by one character to other characters on stage. |
| Soliloquy | A lengthy speech delivered by one character to the audience to convey that character's thoughts and feelings. Character is generally alone on stage. |
| Kinsman | Uncle or cousin-always male. |
| Verse | Poetry. |
| Lines-Beat | Meter. |
| Prose | Anything written in sentance and paragraph form. |
| Pun | Play on words using sounds or meanings. |
| Allusion | Reference to something important or well known. |
| Dramatic Foil | 2 characters in the same scene, one reflects the opposing views of the other. |
| Simile | Comparison using like or as. |
| Iambic Pentameter | 10 syllables per line. |
Created by:
brewer4616
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