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Science Chapter 3

3.1 & 3.2

QuestionAnswer
List the main points of the kinetic theory 1. all matter is made of of atoms & molecules act as tiny particles 2. all atoms & molecules are in constant motion 3. Move faster as temperature rises 4.heavier particles move slower than lighter particles at same temperature
How does temperature affect motion? Particles move faster at higher temperatures
How does mass affect motion? larger mass particles move slower than others
Describe the position and movement of particles in solids has a definite shape and volume
Describe the position and movement of particles in liquids change shape, not volume
Describe the position and movement of particles in gases changes both shape and volume
Why do liquids flow freely? they move fast enough to overcome some of the forces of attraction between them
What makes something a fluid? particles are free to move past each other
What is the most common state of matter in the universe? Plasma
Give examples of plasma lightning, fire, aurora borealis
What is energy? ability to change or move matter or do work
Energy of motion is know as...? kinetic energy
Because atoms and molecules are in constant motion, all particles of matter must have...? kinetic energy
A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object is the objects...? temperature
The more kinetic energy the particle has the object will have a higher...? temperature
Do all particles in an object have the same amount of kinetic energy and move at the same speed? No
Does the temperature of a substance depend on how much of that substance you have? No
The total kinetic energy of a substance is...? Thermal Energy
The more________energy the particles of an object have, the more________energy the object has. thermal kinetic
Thermal energy depends on... A. number of particles in that substance B. many particles
What kind of energy is a change in state? Physical
How do you know physical change is a change in state? it doesn't change a substances identity
During a change of state, the _______ of a substance does not change but the _______ substance does change. identity energy
If energy is added to a substance, its particles move... faster
If energy is removed from a substance, its particles move... slower
What causes the temperature of a substance to change? transfer of heat
List 3 changes of state that require energy. Melting, Evaporation,
What is melting point? temperature at which substance changes from solid to liquid
List 3 changes of state that release energy? Condensation, Freezing
What is the relationship between freezing point and boiling point of a substance? None. It's freezing point and boiling point
During a change in state, the temperature of a substance... Same as before and after change
State the law of conservation of mass. mass cannot be created or destroyed
State the law of conservation of energy energy cannot be created or destroyed
Give an example of law of conservation of mass. ice -> liquid water -> water vapor burning a piece of wood (wood -> ash -> smoke -> gases released)
Give an example of law of conservation of energy. roller coaster burning fuel (stored chemical energy = energy to move object + heat
What are the 4 states of matter? solid, liquid, gas, plasma
The temperature at which a liquid boils is called... boiling point
The change in state from gas to liquid is called... condensation
The change in state from liquid to gas is called... vaporization
Liquid changing to gas only at the surface is called... evaporation
The change in state from solid to liquid is called... melting
The change in state from liquid to solid is called... freezing
In most pure substances, melting occurs at a specific temperature called... melting point
Particles pass directly from solid to gas is called... sublimation
Gas bubbles forming throughout the liquid is called... boiling
Created by: craig1823
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