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Civics-Unit 4:
Vocabulary for Political parties and Elections
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Political Party | an association of voters with broad common interests who want to influence or control decision making in government by electing the party’s candidates to political office |
| One-Party System | a system in which only one primary party dominates a nation’s politics |
| Dictatorship/Totalitarianism | Samples of one-party systems who have complete control over their people |
| Two-party system | a system in which there are two major political parties that dominate a nation’s politics |
| Multi-party system | system in which numerous political parties hold government seats and have influence in the political process. In this type of type of party system, |
| Coalition | are used to achieve political success by having different groups or parties band together. |
| Washington’s warning about political parties | Political Parties will divide the nation and the minority will be forgotten |
| Federalists and Anti-Federalists | First Political parties of the U.S. |
| Democrats & Republicans | Major political parties of the U.S. |
| Third Parties | parties that rarely win elections and emerge to raise awareness to issues other parties don’t focus on |
| Political Machines | when a party so strongly controls an areas that the opposing party offers little resistance |
| Party Membership | Anyone; Declare yourself a members; Promote party ideas |
| “Grassroots” Politics | Belief that the politics should be a local concept; having the community govern themselves. |
| National Convention | Meeting held every 4 years when Presidential candidates are chosen and the party develops official policy beliefs. |
| Delegates | Representative from each state. |
| Consent of the governed | Government has the permission of the citizens to rule |
| Campaigning | Candidates travel the country and try to get elected |
| Platform | Statement of a party’s beliefs and goals |
| Plank | planks-what the party’s policy is on a single issue |
| Patronage | Giving away government jobs to supporters |
| Watchdog role | Political parties keep watch over each other |
| Primary elections | special election held by party members to determine candidates—Open and Close Primaries |
| General election | elects candidates to offices |
| Electoral College | the electoral votes for the president |
| Propaganda (7 types) | Endorsements, Glittering Generalities, Bandwagon, Stack Cards, Name Calling, “Just Plain Folks”, Image Molding. |
| Political Action Committee (PAC) | Groups formed to raise money for candidates running for office ($5,000 limit) |
| Polling place | precinct based—local places where voting actually happens on election day |
| Election day | held in November—1st Tuesday after the 1st Monday |
| Absentee ballot | for citizens who cannot be at the polls on election day; |
| Split ticket voting | voting for candidates from either party |
| Straight ticket voting | voting only for one political party |
| Exit poll | asking individuals how you voted to predict early returns |
| Initiative | citizens propose a bill through a petition and place it on the ballot for a general election |
| Referendum | public approval for a proposed bill where the legislature temporarily passed a bill until the public is given a chance to approve or disapprove the bill |
| Recall election | a vote to remove an official from office |
| Motor Voter Act | travels around to assure people can vote. |
| Requirements to vote | U.S. Citizen, 18 years old, Register |
| Voter apathy | Lack on interest in voting |
| Public opinion | what the majority of the public may believe about an issue |
| Mass media | using TV, Radio, Newspapers, and or Internet to reach the public. |
| Interest groups | a group of people who have similar interest or concerns about an issue |
| Examples of interest groups | Economics, NAACP, AARP, NOW, ACLU |
| Lobbyists | someone who tries to influence people on behalf of an interest group |
| Public opinion polls | Individuals answer questions to see how the "general public" feels |
| Voter registration | must be a US Citizen, 18 y/o, can register 25 days before elections |
| Random unbiased sample | includes a wide segment of the population in the poll-reflects the entire population |
Created by:
wscherer