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Chapter 4 Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Nucleus | A dense, positively charged mass located in the center of the atom. |
| Proton | A positively charged subatomic particle that is found in the nucleus of an atom. |
| Electron | A negatively charged subatomic particle that is found in the space outside the nucleus. |
| Neutron | A neutral subatomic particle that is found in the nucleus of an atom. |
| Atomic number | An element equals the number of protons in an atom of that element. |
| Mass number | The sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of that atom. |
| Isotopes | Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons and different mass numbers. |
| Energy levels | The possible energies that electrons in a atom can have. |
| Electron cloud | A visual model of the most likely locations for electrons move in an atom. |
| Orbital | A region of space around the nucleus where an electron is likely to be found. |
| Electron configuration | The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom. |
| Ground state | When all the electrons in an atom have the lowest possible energies. |