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Chapter 12

Work and Machines

TermDefinition
work force exerted on an object that causes it to move
joule unit of work equal to one newton-meter
power the rate at which one form of energy is transferred into another object
machine a device that changes the amount of force exerted, the distance over which a force is exerted, or the direction in which the force is exerted
input force the force exerted on a machine
output force the force exerted on an object by a machine
input work the work done on a machine as the input force acts through the input distance
output work the work done by a machine as the output force acts through the output distance
mechanical advantage the number of times a machine increases a force exerted on it
efficiency the percentage of the input work that is converted to output work
inclined plane a simple machine that is a flat, sloped surface
wedge a simple machine that is an inclined plane that moves
screw a simple machine that is an inclined plane wrapped around a central cylinder to form a spiral
lever a simple machine that consists of a rigid bar that pivots about a fixed point
fulcrum the fixed point around which a lever pivots
wheel and axle a simple machine that consists of two attached circular or cylindrical objects that rotate about a common axis, each one with a different radius
pulley a simple machine that consists of a grooved wheel with a rope or cable wrapped around it
compound machine a device that combines two or more simple machines
Created by: KerriReynolds
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