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Chapter 2 & 3 Vocab

Mrs. Neary's Physical Science - Chapter 2 & 3 Vocabulary Words

TermDefinition
Matter anything that has mass and takes up space.
Element a substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical mean.
Atom the smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical properties of that element.
Molecule a group of atoms that are held together by chemical forces; a molecule is the smallest unit of matter that can exist by itself and retain all of a substance's chemical properties.
Compound a substance make up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds.
Pure Substance a sample of matter, either a single element of a single compound, that has definite chemical and physical properties.
Mixture a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined.
Melting Point the temperature and pressure at which a solid becomes a liquid.
Boiling Point the temperature and pressure at which a liquid becomes a gas.
Density the ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance.
Reactivity the capacity of a substance to combine chemically with another substance.
Physical Change a change of matter from one form to another without a change in chemical properties.
Chemical Change a change that occurs when one or more substances change into entirely new substances with different properties.
Fluid a nonsolid state of matter in which the atoms or molecules are free to move past each other, as in a gas or liquid.
Plasma a state of matter that consists or free-moving ions and electrons.
Energy the capacity to do work.
Temperature a measure of how hot (or cold) something is; specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particle in an object.
Thermal Energy the total kinetic energy of a substance's atoms.
Evaporating the change of state from a liquid to a gas.
Sublimation the process in which a solid changes directly into a gas.
Condensation the change of state from a gas to a liquid.
Pressure the amount of force exerted per unit area of a surface.
Pascal the SI unit of pressure; equal to the force of 1 N exerted over an area of 1 m (symbol, Pa).
Buoyant Force the upward force that keeps an object immersed in or floating on a fluid.
Viscosity the resistance of a gas or liquid to flow.
Gas Laws the laws that state the mathematical relationships between the volume, temperature, pressure, and quantity or a gas.
Created by: MsScheanwald
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