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PS Ch 5
Vocb
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Work | transfer of energy that occurs when a force makes an object move; measured in joules |
| Power | amount of work done, or the amount of energy transferred, divided by the time required to do the work or transfer the energy; measured in watts |
| Machine | device that makes doing work easier by increasing the force applied to an object, changing the direction of an applied force,or increasing the distance over which a force can be applied |
| Input Force | the force applied to a machine |
| Output Force | the force applied by the machine |
| Mechanical Advantage | ratio of the output force exerted by a machine to the input force applied to the machine |
| Efficiency | ratio of the output work done by the machine to the input work done on the machine, expressed as a percentage |
| Simple Machine | machine that does work with only one movement-- lever, pulley, wheel and axle, inclined plane, screw, and wedge |
| Lever | simple machine consisting of a bar free to pivot about a fixed point called the fulcrum |
| Pulley | simple machine that consists of a grooved wheel with a rope, chain, or cable running along the groove; can be either fixed or movable |
| Wheel and Axle | simple machine that consists of a shaft or axle attached to the center of a larger wheel, so that the shaft and the wheel rotate together |
| Inclined Plane | simple machine that consists of a sloping surface, such as a ramp, that reduces the amount of force needed to lift something by increasing the distance over which the force is applied |
| Screw | simple machine that consists of an inclined plane screw wrapped in a spiral around a cylindrical post |
| Wedge | simple machine that is an inclined plane with one or two sloping sides |
| Compound Machine | machine that is a combination of two or more simple machines |