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Unit 1A
Newton's Laws Vocab 8th Grade
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Sir Isaac Newton | Famous English scientist from the 1600s. He discovered how gravity works, listed 3 Laws of Motion, and invented calculus. |
| First Law of Motion (inertia) | An object at rest stays at rest or an object in motion stays in motion until outside unbalanced forces act upon it. |
| Second Law of Motion | Acceleration of an object depends on the object’s mass and the magnitude of the force acting upon it. |
| Third Law of Motion | For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. |
| inertia | The tendency of a physical object to remain still or continue moving unless an unbalanced force is applied. |
| at rest | The state of an object when it is not in motion. |
| unbalanced forces | Forces on an object that DO cause change in the motion of the object. |
| force | A push or pull that can change the motion of an object. |
| magnitude | A number describing the size or quantity of something. |
| acceleration | Change of an object’s speed or direction. (Change of velocity.) |
| action | Force exerted on another object. |
| reaction | Resistance or force of equal magnitude acting in the opposite direction to an action force. |
| chemical equation | chemical formulas and symbols written to represent a reaction |
| physical change | affects size, shape, color, state of matter but does not create new substances |
| chemical change | the process by which one or more substances get changed into new substances |
| coefficient | a number placed in front of a chemical symbol or formula to balance the reaction (tells how many molecules) |
| subscript | a number placed below and to the right of a chemical symbol that shows the number of atoms |
| molecule | Two or more atoms bonded together |
| compound | Two or more kinds of atoms bonded together |
| balanced forces | Forces that DO NOT cause change to the motion of an object. |
| friction | Force that resists the sliding or rolling of one solid object over another. Must be in contact. |
| gravitational force | Force of attraction between everything with mass in the universe, especially the attraction of the earth's mass for bodies near to its surface |
| law | description of an observed natural phenomenon; proved many times by many experiments and data |
| mass | a property of matter that describes the amount of inertia; the amount of "stuff" in an object |
| normal force | the force of a surface holding up an object against gravity; also called a "ground reaction" force |
| speed | the distance traveled per unit of time |
| theory | a well-supported explanation of a natural phenomenon that is supported by lots of experimental data |
| physics | the study of matter, energy, and their interactions, focusing on how things move, forces, and the nature of energy |
| velocity | speed with direction (i.e. 35 mph North) |
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PRO Teacher
LMS 8 Sci
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