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Unit 3B
Newton's Laws Vocabulary 8th Grade Sci.
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Sir Isaac Newton | Famous English scientist from the 1600s. He discovered how gravity works, listed 3 Laws of Motion, and invented calculus. |
First Law of Motion (inertia) | An object at rest stays at rest or an object in motion stays in motion until outside unbalanced forces act upon it. |
Second Law of Motion | Acceleration of an object depends on the object’s mass and the magnitude of the force acting upon it. |
Third Law of Motion | For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. |
inertia | The tendency of a physical object to remain still or continue moving unless an unbalanced force is applied. |
at rest | The state of an object when it is not in motion. |
unbalanced forces | Forces on an object that do cause change in the motion of the object. |
force | A push or pull that can change the motion of an object. |
magnitude | A number describing the size or quantity of something. |
acceleration | Change of an object’s speed or direction. |
action | Force exerted on another object. |
reaction | Resistance or force of equal magnitude acting in the opposite direction to an action force. |
chemical equation | chemical formulas and symbols written to represent a reaction |
physical change | affects size, shape, color, state of matter but does not create new substances |
chemical change | the process by which one or more substances get changed into new substances |
coefficient | a number placed in front of a chemical symbol or formula to balance the reaction (tells how many molecules) |
subscript | a number placed below and to the right of a chemical symbol that shows the number of atoms |
molecule | 2 or more atoms bonded together |
compound | 2 or more kinds of atoms bonded together |
balanced forces | Forces that do not cause change to the motion of an object. |