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Chapter 10 Med Terms
Nervous System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Central nervous system (CNS) | The nervous system that includes the brain and the spinal cord. |
| Peripheral nervous system (PNS) | The nervous system that includes the 12 pairs of cranial nerves extending from the brain and the 30 paris of spinal nerves extending from the spinal corsd. |
| Nerve | One or more bundles of neuron cells that connect the brain and spinal cord with other parts of the body. |
| Receptors | Sites in the sensory organs (eyes, ears, nose, and taste buds) that receive external stimulation. |
| Stimulus | Anything that excites or activates a nerve and causes an impulse. |
| Neuron | The basic cell of the nervous system. |
| Neuroglia | Are the supportive and connective cells of the nervous system. |
| Myelin sheath | The white protective covering over some nerve cells including parts of the spinal cord, white matter of the brain, and most peripheral nerves. |
| Cerebrum-uppermost and least protected layer of the brain. | Is responsible for the highest level of thought including judgement, memory, association, and critical thinking. |
| Medulla oblongata | The lowest part of the brainstem. It controls basic life functions including the muscles of respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure. |
| Cerebellum-located in the lower back of the cranium below the crebrum. | Coodinates muscular activity for smooth and steady movements. |
| Pons-located in the brainstem at the base of the brain. | Nerves cross over so that one side of the brain controls the opposite side of the body. |
| Medulla oblongata-most protected part of the brain. | Controls the basic vital functions of life. |
| Cebrospinal fluid (CSF) | A clear colorless, watery fluid that flows throughout the brain, and around the spinal cord, and its functions are to nourish, cool, and cushion these organs from shoch or injury. |
| Cerebral | Pertaining to the cerebrum or brain. |
| Anesthetist | A person trained in administering anesthesia but who is not neccessarily a physician. |
| Neurologist | A physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the nervous system. |
| Psychiatrist | A physician that specializes in diagnosing and treating chemical dependencies, emotional problems, and mental illness. |
| Cephalgia | Also know as a headache. |
| Amnesia | A disturbance in the memory marked by a total or partial inability to recall past experiences. |
| Concussion | A violent shaking up or jarring of the brain. |
| Delirium | A potentially reversible condition when a person is confused, disoriented and unable to think clearly. |
| Dementia | A slowly progressive decline in mental abilities including memory, thinking, judgment, and the ability to pay attention. |
| Stroke-also know as a Cerebrovascular accident | The damage to the brain that occurs when the blood flow to the brain is disrupted by a blockage or rupture. |
| Aphasia | Loss of the ability to speak. |
| Insomnia | The prolonged or abnormal inability to sleep. |
| Agoraphobia | An overwhelming and irrational fear of leaving the familiar setting of home or venturing out into the open. |
| Claustrophobia | An abnormal fear of being in narrow or enclosed spaces. |
| Munchausen syndrome by proxy | When an abusive parent, seeming very concerned about a childs well being, will falsify an illness by making up or creating symptoms and then seeking medical treatment for the child. |
| Psychotropic drugs | Medications capable of affecting the mind, emotions, and behavior and are used in the treatment of mental illness. |
| Lobectomy | The surgical removal of a portion of the brain to treat brain cancer or seizure disorders that cannot be controlled with medication. |
Created by:
wthreadgill
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