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Chapter 10 Med Terms

Nervous System

TermDefinition
Central nervous system (CNS) The nervous system that includes the brain and the spinal cord.
Peripheral nervous system (PNS) The nervous system that includes the 12 pairs of cranial nerves extending from the brain and the 30 paris of spinal nerves extending from the spinal corsd.
Nerve One or more bundles of neuron cells that connect the brain and spinal cord with other parts of the body.
Receptors Sites in the sensory organs (eyes, ears, nose, and taste buds) that receive external stimulation.
Stimulus Anything that excites or activates a nerve and causes an impulse.
Neuron The basic cell of the nervous system.
Neuroglia Are the supportive and connective cells of the nervous system.
Myelin sheath The white protective covering over some nerve cells including parts of the spinal cord, white matter of the brain, and most peripheral nerves.
Cerebrum-uppermost and least protected layer of the brain. Is responsible for the highest level of thought including judgement, memory, association, and critical thinking.
Medulla oblongata The lowest part of the brainstem. It controls basic life functions including the muscles of respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure.
Cerebellum-located in the lower back of the cranium below the crebrum. Coodinates muscular activity for smooth and steady movements.
Pons-located in the brainstem at the base of the brain. Nerves cross over so that one side of the brain controls the opposite side of the body.
Medulla oblongata-most protected part of the brain. Controls the basic vital functions of life.
Cebrospinal fluid (CSF) A clear colorless, watery fluid that flows throughout the brain, and around the spinal cord, and its functions are to nourish, cool, and cushion these organs from shoch or injury.
Cerebral Pertaining to the cerebrum or brain.
Anesthetist A person trained in administering anesthesia but who is not neccessarily a physician.
Neurologist A physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the nervous system.
Psychiatrist A physician that specializes in diagnosing and treating chemical dependencies, emotional problems, and mental illness.
Cephalgia Also know as a headache.
Amnesia A disturbance in the memory marked by a total or partial inability to recall past experiences.
Concussion A violent shaking up or jarring of the brain.
Delirium A potentially reversible condition when a person is confused, disoriented and unable to think clearly.
Dementia A slowly progressive decline in mental abilities including memory, thinking, judgment, and the ability to pay attention.
Stroke-also know as a Cerebrovascular accident The damage to the brain that occurs when the blood flow to the brain is disrupted by a blockage or rupture.
Aphasia Loss of the ability to speak.
Insomnia The prolonged or abnormal inability to sleep.
Agoraphobia An overwhelming and irrational fear of leaving the familiar setting of home or venturing out into the open.
Claustrophobia An abnormal fear of being in narrow or enclosed spaces.
Munchausen syndrome by proxy When an abusive parent, seeming very concerned about a childs well being, will falsify an illness by making up or creating symptoms and then seeking medical treatment for the child.
Psychotropic drugs Medications capable of affecting the mind, emotions, and behavior and are used in the treatment of mental illness.
Lobectomy The surgical removal of a portion of the brain to treat brain cancer or seizure disorders that cannot be controlled with medication.
Created by: wthreadgill
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