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Vocabulary 3
Term | Definition |
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solid | state of matter in which materials have a definite shape and a definite volume |
liquid | state of matter in which a material has a definite volume but not a definite shape |
gas | state of matter in which a material has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume |
kinetic energy | the energy an object has due to its motion |
pressure | the result of a force distributed over an area |
absolute zero | a temperature of 0 k |
Charles's law | states that the volume of a gasis directly proportional to its temperature in kelvins if the pressure and the number of particles of the gas are constant. |
Boyle's law | states that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure if the temperature and the number of particles are constant |
phase change | the reversible physical change that occurs when a substance changes from one state of matter to another |
endothermic | the system absorbs energy from its surroundings |
heat of fusion | the energy a substance must absorb in order to change from a solid to liquid |
exothermic | system releases energy to its surroundings |
vaporization | phase change in which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas |
heat of vaporization | the energy a substance must absorb in order to change from a liquid to a gas |
evaporation | process that changes a substance from a liquid to a gas at temperatures below the substances boiling point |
vapor pressure | pressure caused by the collisions of vapor and the walls of the container |
condensation | phase change in which a substance changes from a vapor or gas to a liquid |
sublimation | phase change in which a substance changes from a solid to a gas or vapor without changing to a liquid first |
deposition | when a gas or vapor changes directly into a solid without first changing to a liquid |