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Human Body 7th Grade
7th Grade Human Body, Life Science
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Striated Muscle | Muscle tissue in which the contractile fibrils in the cells are aligned in parallel bundles, so that their different regions form stripes visible in a microscope. Muscles of this type are attached to the skeleton by tendons and are under voluntary control |
| Smooth Muscle | Muscle tissue in which the contractile fibrils are not highly ordered, occurring in the gut and other internal organs and not under voluntary control. |
| Skeletal Muscle | A muscle that is connected to the skeleton to form part of the mechanical system that moves the limbs and other parts of the body. |
| Homeostasis | The tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes. |
| Ligament | A short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissue that connects two bones or cartilages or holds together a joint. |
| Joint | A structure in the human or animal body at which two parts of the skeleton are fitted together. |
| Spongy Bone | Layer of bone tissue having many spaces and found found just inside the layer of compact. |
| Tendon | a flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue attaching a muscle to a bone. |
| Compact Bone | Hard, dense bone tissue that is beneath the outer membrane of a bone. |
| Red Marrow | Bone marrow is the flexible tissue in the interior of bones. In humans, red blood cells are produced by cores of bone marrow in the heads of long bones in a process known as hematopoiesis. |
| Yellow Marrow | Yellow bone marrow mainly stores fats. |
| Cartilage | Firm, whitish, flexible connective tissue, being replaced by bone during growth. (infants) |
| Cardiac Muscle | Muscles that pump your heart. |
| Integumentary System | The integumentary system is an organ system consisting of the skin, hair, nails, and exocrine glands. The skin is only a few millimeters thick yet is by far the largest organ in the body. |
| Epidermis | The outer layer of cells covering an organism, in particular. |
| Dermis | The thick layer of living tissue below the epidermis that forms the true skin, containing blood capillaries, nerve endings, sweat glands, hair follicles, and other structures. |
| Melanin | A dark brown to black pigment occurring in the hair, skin, and iris of the eye in people and animals. It is responsible for tanning of skin exposed to sunlight. |
| Follicle | A small secretory cavity, sac, or gland, in particular. |
| Mechanical Digestion | The process by which food is broken down into simple chemical compounds that can be absorbed and used as nutrients or eliminated by the body. |
| Chemical Digestion | The process in which chemicals in the body separate large food molecules into smaller ones so they can pass through the wall (outer layer) of the intestine |
| Epiglotis | A flap of cartilage at the root of the tongue, which is depressed during swallowing to cover the opening of the windpipe. |
| Peristalsis | The involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine or another canal, creating wavelike movements that push the contents of the canal forward. |
| Esophagus | The part of the alimentary canal that connects the throat to the stomach; the gullet. In humans and other vertebrates it is a muscular tube lined with mucous membrane. |
| Absorption | The fact or state of being engrossed in something. |
| Villus | Any of numerous minute elongated projections set closely together on a surface, typically increasing its surface area for the absorption of substances, in particular. |
| Pacemaker | An artificial device for stimulating the heart muscle and regulating its contractions. |
| Artery | Any of the muscular-walled tubes forming part of the circulation system by which blood (mainly that which has been oxygenated) is conveyed from the heart to all parts of the body. |
| Capillary | Any of the fine branching blood vessels that form a network between the arterioles and venules |
| Vein | Any of the tubes forming part of the blood circulation system of the body, carrying in most cases oxygen-depleted blood toward the heart. |
| Plasma | The colorless fluid part of blood, lymph, or milk, in which corpuscles or fat globules are suspended. |
| Red Blood Cell | A cell in the blood that takes up oxygen in the lungs and delivers it to cells elsewhere in the body. |
| Hemoglobin | A red protein responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood of vertebrates. Its molecule comprises four sub-units, each containing an iron atom bound to a heme group. |
| White Blood Cell | A blood cell that fights diseases. |
| Platelet | A small colorless disk-shaped cell fragment without a nucleus, found in large numbers in blood and involved in clotting. |
Created by:
AWelch123693
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