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Chapter 5 - RTT 122
Exploring Medical Language 9th Edition
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| adenoid/o | adenoids |
| alveol | alveolus |
| bronchi/o, bronch/o | bronchus |
| diaphragmat/o, phren/o | diaphragm |
| epiglott/o | epiglottis |
| laryng/o | larynx |
| lob/o | lobe |
| nas/o, rhin/o | nose |
| pharyng/o | pharynx |
| pleur/o | pleura |
| pneum/o, pneumato/o, pneumon/o | lung, air |
| pulmon/o | lung |
| sept/o | septum (wall off, face) |
| sinus/o | sinus |
| thorac/o | thorax, chest, chest cavity |
| tonsill/o | tonsil |
| trache/o | trachea |
| atel/o | imperfect, incomplete |
| capn/o | carbon dioxide |
| hem/o, hemat/o | blood |
| muc/o | mucus |
| orth/o | straight |
| ox/i | oxygen |
| phon/o | sound, voice |
| py/o | pus |
| radi/o | x-rays, ionizing radiation |
| somn/o | sleep |
| son/o | sound |
| spir/o | breathe, breathing |
| tom/o | to cut, section, or slice |
| a-, an- | absence of, without |
| endo- | within |
| eu- | normal, good |
| poly- | many, much |
| tachy- | fast, rapid |
| -algia | pain |
| -ar, -ary, -eal | pertaining to |
| -cele | hernia or protrusion |
| -centesis | surgical puncture to aspirate fluid |
| -ectasis | stretching out, dilation, expansion |
| -emia | in the blood |
| -gram | record, radiographic image |
| -graph | instrument used to record, record |
| -graphy | process of recording, radiographic imaging |
| -meter | instrument used to measure |
| -metry | measurement |
| -pexy | surgical fixation, suspension |
| -pnea | breathing |
| -rrhagia | rapid flow of blood |
| -scope | instrument used for visual examination |
| -scopic | pertaining to visual examination |
| -scopy | visual examination |
| -spasm | sudden, involuntary muscle contraction (spasmodic contraction) |
| -stenosis | constriction or narrowing |
| -stomy | creation of an artificial opening |
| -thorax | chest, chest cavity |
| -tomy | cut into, incision |
| adenoiditis | inflammation of the adenoids |
| alveolitis | inflammation of the alveoli |
| atelectasis | incomplete expansion |
| bronchiectasis | dilation of the bronchi |
| bronchitis | inflammation of the bronchi |
| bronchogenic carcinoma | cancerous tumor originating in a bronchus (lung cancer) |
| bronchopneumonia | diseased state of the bronchi and lungs (inflammation of lungs that beings in the terminal bronchioles) |
| diaphragmatocele | hernia of the diaphragm |
| epiglottitis | inflammation of the epiglottis |
| hemothorax | blood in the chest cavity |
| laryngitis | inflammation of the larynx |
| laryngotracheobronchitits (LTB) | inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi (croup) |
| lobar pneumonia | pertaining to the lobes; diseased state of the lung |
| nasopharyngitis | inflammation of the nose and pharynx |
| pharyngitis | inflammation of the pharynx |
| pleuritis | inflammation of the pleura (Pleurisy) |
| pneumatocele | hernia of the lung |
| pneumoconiosis | abnormal condidiont of dust in the lungs |
| pneumonia | diseased state of the lung (infection and inflammation caused by bacteria, viruses, and fungi) |
| pneumonitis | inflammation of the lung |
| pneumothorax | air in the pleural cavity |
| pulmonary neoplasm | pertaining to the lung, new growth |
| pyothorax | pus in the pleural cavity (empyema) |
| rhinitis | inflammation of the nose |
| rhinomycosis | abnormal condition of fungus in the nose |
| rhinorrhagia | rapid flow of blood from the nose (epistaxis) |
| sinusitis | inflammation of the sinuses |
| thoracalgia | pain in the chest |
| tonsillitis | inflammation of the tonsils |
| tacheitis | inflammation of the trachea |
| tracheostenosis | narrowing of the trachea |
| acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) | respiratory failure as a result of disease or injury. Symptoms include dyspnea, tachypnea, and cyanosis |
| asthma | respiratory disease characterized by coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath, caused by constriction and inflammation of airways that is reversible between attacks |
| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | progressive lung disease restricting air flow. Chronic bronchitis and emphysema are two main components. |
| coccidiodomycosis | fungal disease affecting the lungs and sometimes other organs of the body |
| cor pulmonale | serious cardiac disease associated with chronic lung disorders, such as emphysema |
| croup | condition resulting from acute obstruction of the larynx |
| cystic fibrosis | hereditary disorder of the exocrine glands characterized by excess mucuc production in the respiratory tract, pancreatic deficiency, and other symptoms |
| deviated septum | one part of the nasal cavity is smaller because of malformation or injury of the nasal septum |
| emphysema | stretching of lung tissue caused by the alveoli becoming distended and losing elasticity |
| epistaxis | nosebleed (rhinorrhagia) |
| idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis | chronic progressive lung disorder characterized by increasing scarring |
| influenza | highly contagious and often severe viral infection of the respiratory tract |
| obstructive sleep apnea | repetitive pharyngeal collapse during sleep, which leads to absence of breathing |
| pertussis | highly contagious bacterial infection of the respiratory tract characterized by an acute crowing inspiration, or whoop (Whooping cough) |
| pleural effusion | fluid in the pleural space caused by a disease process or trauma |
| pulmonary edema | fluid accumulation in the alveoli and bronchioles, most often a manifestation of heart failure |
| pulmonary embolism | matter foreign to circulation, carried to the pulmonary artery and its branches, where it blocks circulation to the lungs and can be fatal if sufficient size and number. |
| tuberculosis | infectious bacterial disease, most commonly spread by inhalation of small particles, usually affecting the lungs |
| upper respiratory infection | infection of the nasal cavity, pharynx, or larynx |
| adenoidectomy | exicision of the adenoids |
| adenotome | instrument used to cut the adenoids |
| bronchoplasty | surgical repair of a bronchus |
| laryngectomy | excision of the larynx |
| laryngoplasty | surgical repair of the larynx |
| laryngostomy | creation of an artificial opening into the larynx |
| laryngotracheotomy | incision of the larynx and trachea |
| lobectomy | excision of a lobe |
| pleuropexy | surgical fixation of the pleura |
| pneumonectomy | excision of a lung |
| rhinoplasty | surgical repair of the nose |
| septoplasty | surgical repair of the nasal septum |
| sinusotomy | incision into a sinus |
| thoracocentesis | surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from the chest cavity (thoracentesis) |
| thoracotomy | incision into the chest cavity |
| tonsillectomy | excision of the tonsils |
| tracheoplasty | surgical repair of the trachea |
| tracheostomy | creation of an artificial opening into the trachea |
| trachotomy | incision into the trachea |
| Radiography | x-ray |
| Computed tomography (CT) | computerized radiographic images using x-rays to produce a series of sectional images |
| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | produces images by exposing body to high strength, computer-controlled magnetic fields. |
| Nuclear medicine (NM) | produces images by administering radioactive material to be delivered to the body part of interest. The tracer emits energy which the computer translates into two-dimensional images. |
| Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) | an NM technique that yields three-dimensional computer constructed images |
| Positron emission tomography (PET) | an NM procedure where positron-emitting radioactive material is injected in the body. These positrons are picked up by a ring of detectors positioned around the body. |
| Sonography | ultrasound; process of recording sound |
| bronchoscope | instrument used for visual examination of the bronchi |
| bronchoscopy | visual examination of the bronchi |
| endoscope | instrument used for visual examination within |
| endoscopic | pertaining to visual examination within |
| endoscopy | visual examination within |
| laryngoscope | instrument used for visual examination of the larynx |
| laryngoscopy | visual examination of the larynx |
| radiograph | record of x-rays |
| radiography | process of recording x-rays |
| sonogram | record of sound |
| thoracoscope | instruments used for visual examination of the chest cavity |
| thoracoscopy | visual examination of the chest cavity |
| tomography | process of recording slices |
| capnometer | instrument used to measure carbon dioxide |
| oximeter | instrument used to measure oxygen |
| spirometer | instrument used to measure breathing |
| spirometry | a measurement of breathing |
| polysomnography | process of recording many tests during sleep |
| ventilation-perfusion scanning (VPS) | NM procedure performed by inhaling a radionuclide and injecting a radionuclide into an artery followed by imaging to show how well the inhaled air is distributed |
| acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear | test performed on sputum to determine the presence of acid-fast bacilli, which causes TB |
| sputum culture and sensitivity (C&S) | test performed on sputum to determine the presence of pathogenic bacteria and the antibiotics it is sensitive to |
| pulmonary function tests (PFTs) | grou[ of tests performed to measure breathing capacity and used to determine external respiratotry function |
| PPD (purified protein derivative) | test performed on individuals who have recently been exposed to TB. |
| acapnia | condition of absence of carbon dioxide |
| alveolar | pertaining to the alveolus |
| anoxia | condition of absence of oxygen |
| aphonia | condition of absence of voice |
| apnea | absence of breathing |
| bronchoalveolar | pertaining to the bronchi and alveoli |
| bronchospasm | spasmodic contraction of the bronchi |
| diaphragmatic | pertaining to the diaphramg |
| dysphonia | condition of difficult speaking |
| dyspnea | difficult breathing |
| endotracheal | pertaining to within the trachea |
| eupnea | normal breathing |
| hypercapnia | condition of deficient carbon dioxide |
| hypernea | excessive breathing |
| hypocapnia | condition of deficient carbon dioxide |
| hypopnea | deficient breathing |
| hypoxemia | deficient oxygen in the blood |
| hypoxia | condition of deficient oxygen |
| intrapleural | pertaining to within the pleura |
| laryngeal | pertaining to the larynx |
| laryngospasm | spasmodic contraction of the larynx |
| mucoid | resembling mucus |
| mucous | pertaining to mucus |
| nasopharyngeal | pertaining to the nose and pharynx |
| orthopnea | able to breathe easier in an upright position |
| phrenalgia | pain in the diaphragm |
| pulmonary | pertaining to the lungs |
| pulmonologist | physician who studies and treats diseases of the lung |
| pulmonology | study of the lung |
| radiologist | physician who specializes in the use of xrays, ultrasound, and magnetic fields in the diagnosis and treatment of disease |
| radiology | study of xryas |
| rhinorrhea | discharge from the nose |
| tachypnea | rapid breathing |
| thoracic | pertaining to the chest |
| asphyxia | deprivation of oxygen for tissue use; suffocation |
| aspirate | to withdraw fluid or suction fluid; also to draw foreign material into the respiratory tract |
| bronchoconstrictor | agent causing narrowing of the bronchi |
| bronchodilator | agent causing the bronchi to widen |
| mucopurulent | containing both mucus and pus |
| nebulizer | device that creates a mist used to deliver medication for giving respiratory treatment |
| nosocomial infection | an infection acquired during hospitalization |
| paroxysm | periodic, sudden attack |
| patent | open |
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